{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,5]],"date-time":"2026-05-05T14:55:35Z","timestamp":1777992935498,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Malaria pathogenesis is driven by intricate host\u2013parasite interactions that determine immune balance and clinical outcome. The\n                    <jats:italic>Plasmodium yoelii<\/jats:italic>\n                    model, particularly its lethal (17XL) and non\u2010lethal (17XNL) strains, provides a robust framework to investigate these dynamics. This review integrates recent findings demonstrating that 17XL infections trigger excessive pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine release and immune exhaustion, while 17XNL infections sustain regulated Th1\/Th2 responses enabling parasite control and survival. Emerging pathways involving MIF, TLR7 signalling, and immune checkpoints (PD\u20101, LAG\u20103) underscore the immunological divergence between strains. Evidence converges on a central concept: malaria severity reflects not parasite load but the timing and resolution of host immune responses. Future research using humanised models, single\u2010cell profiling, and immunomodulatory interventions will deepen our understanding of immune regulation and guide novel therapeutic and vaccine strategies against malaria.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.70045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,30]],"date-time":"2025-12-30T01:28:37Z","timestamp":1767058117000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Immune Modulation by\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Plasmodium yoelii<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    : Insights From Lethal and Non\u2010Lethal Strains"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9787-3996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sharoen Yu Ming","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences Universiti Malaysia Sarawak  Kota Samarahan Malaysia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598\u2010022\u201011042\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idm.2024.06.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.30875\/9789287076717"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/CPAA.S513282"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12936\u2010025\u201005286\u2010w"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2022.102646"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11033\u2010025\u201010318\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182021002134"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parint.2022.102637"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","first-page":"585","article-title":"Comparative Study Between Non Lethal and Lethal Strains of Plasmodium Yoelii With Reference to Its Immunological Aspect","volume":"39","author":"Bakir H. 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