{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,8]],"date-time":"2026-03-08T19:48:40Z","timestamp":1772999320036,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]],"date-time":"2026-02-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":12,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]],"date-time":"2026-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769904000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Parasite Immunology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Sias on host cell influence host\u2013pathogen interactions. Pathogens often manipulate sialylation machinery by downregulating sialidases or upregulating sialyltransferases to suppress immune response. However, the sialylation dynamics in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by\n                    <jats:italic>Leishmania donovani<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>L.d<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) remain unexplored. Accordingly, we investigated the expression changes of sialidases (\n                    <jats:italic>Neu1, Neu2<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>and Neu3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and sialyltransferases (\n                    <jats:italic>ST3Gal1, ST3Gal5<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>and ST6Gal1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in the spleen and liver of\n                    <jats:italic>L.d\u2010<\/jats:italic>\n                    infected BALB\/c mice using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction. Parasite load quantification and monitoring amastigote\u2010specific\n                    <jats:italic>A2<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene confirmed infection. We observed downregulation of all sialidases (\n                    <jats:italic>Neu1<\/jats:italic>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>Neu2<\/jats:italic>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>Neu3<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) in contrast to an upregulation of sialyltransferases\u2014\n                    <jats:italic>ST3Gal1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>ST3Gal5<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Notably, splenic sialidases exhibited a strong negative correlation with\n                    <jats:italic>A2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>Neu1<\/jats:italic>\n                    :\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.81,\n                    <jats:italic>Neu2<\/jats:italic>\n                    :\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009\u22120.78), suggestive of reduced desialylation. Conversely, both the sialyltransferases\n                    <jats:italic>ST3Gal1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>ST3Gal5<\/jats:italic>\n                    strongly positively correlated with\n                    <jats:italic>A2<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.81,\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.89 respectively). These suggest an active modulation of host sialylation during infection that can be explored for therapeutic interventions against VL.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pim.70067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T04:49:03Z","timestamp":1771044543000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Sialylation Shifts in Visceral Leishmaniasis: Altered Sialidases and Sialyltransferases Expression in Spleen and Liver Tissues of\n                    <i>Leishmania donovani<\/i>\n                    Infected\n                    <scp>BALB<\/scp>\n                    \/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"48","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4823-5725","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joyshree","family":"Karmakar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIR\u2010Indian Institute of Chemical Biology  Kolkata India"},{"name":"Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8808-7101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Madhurima","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Post Graduate\u2010Medical Education and Research  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5116-7298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitali","family":"Chatterjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Post Graduate\u2010Medical Education and Research  Kolkata India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822010000400010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06517.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00253-012-4040-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/glycob\/cws057"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2020.00258"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiaa072"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tim.2016.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.MBP-0005-2014"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/biom11060831"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2149\/tmh.2014-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0004904"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.02360"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2021.626110"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2015.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41589-021-00924-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","first-page":"2325","article-title":"Helicobacter pylori Induces beta3GnT5 in Human Gastric Cell Lines, Modulating Expression of the SabA Ligand Sialyl\u2010Lewis x","volume":"118","author":"Marcos N. 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