{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T13:50:21Z","timestamp":1790257821845,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]],"date-time":"2013-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1371686400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Lobular carcinoma in situ (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCIS<\/jats:styled-content>) clinically constitutes a risk factor for the subsequent development of either invasive lobular carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content>) or invasive ductal carcinoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDC<\/jats:styled-content>). In order to approach the possibility of this common precursor of both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ILC<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IDC<\/jats:styled-content>, we investigated combined lobular and ductal carcinomas. Thirty\u2010two cases of lobular carcinoma were picked up out of 773 cases of operated breast carcinomas. The histopathological detailed re\u2010examination using immunostain of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010cadherin and \u03b2\u2010catenin revealed a rather high frequency of combined lobular carcinomas than previous reports. Clinicopathologically, combined lobular carcinomas were younger and smaller than pure lobular carcinomas, and the cytological atypia was relatively low. These results suggested that combined lobular carcinomas could be detected in the earlier stage of breast cancer. Furthermore, the lobular and ductal components of combined carcinomas coexisted in the neighborhood and were distributed contiguously. The immunohistochemical phenotypes of both components were accorded in most combined cases. A genetic analysis using methylation\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> on the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HUMARA<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> gene demonstrated that the same allele was inactivated in both lobular and ductal components in all detectable cases of combined carcinoma. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that both lobular and ductal components of combined carcinomas are clonal and derived from the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LCIS<\/jats:styled-content> as the common precursor lesion, which may contradict the conventional concept that the lobular and ductal carcinomas arise from distinct differentiation pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12065","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]],"date-time":"2013-06-20T09:05:14Z","timestamp":1371719114000},"page":"297-304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Histopathological and clonal study of combined lobular and ductal carcinoma of the breast"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"Eri","family":"Tazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukiko","family":"Shishido\u2010Hara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natsuko","family":"Mizutani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sachiyo","family":"Nomura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Graduate School of Medicine The University of Tokyo  Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirotsugu","family":"Isaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroki","family":"Ito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kentaro","family":"Imi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shigeru","family":"Imoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Kamma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Kyorin University, School of Medicine  Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0b013e318161d1a5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"231","article-title":"An atlas of subgross pathology of the human breast with special reference to possible precancerous lesions","volume":"55","author":"Wellings SR","year":"1975","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1246614"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","first-page":"735","article-title":"Lobular carcinoma in situ. 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