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In this study, we analyzed the three\u2010dimensional ultrastructure of PTC nuclei using serial block\u2010face scanning electron microscopy which takes advantage of the high\u2010throughput acquisition of serial electron microscopic images and three\u2010dimensional reconstruction of subcellular structures. <jats:italic>En bloc\u2010<\/jats:italic>stained and resin\u2010embedded specimens were prepared from surgically removed PTCs and normal thyroid tissues. We acquired two\u2010dimensional images from serial block\u2010face scanning electron microscopy and reconstructed three\u2010dimensional nuclear structures. Quantitative comparisons showed that the nuclei of carcinoma cells were larger and more complex than those of normal follicular cells. The three\u2010dimensional reconstruction of carcinoma nuclei divided intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions into \u201copen intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions\u201d connecting to cytoplasm outside the nucleus and \u201cclosed intranuclear cytoplasmic inclusions\u201d without that connection. Cytoplasm with abundant organelles was observed in open inclusions, but closed inclusions contained fewer organelles with or without degeneration. Granules with a dense core were only observed in closed inclusions. Our observations suggested that open inclusions originate from nuclear invaginations, and disconnection from cytoplasm leads to closed inclusions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.13329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T12:37:47Z","timestamp":1683549467000},"page":"341-350","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Three\u2010dimensional structural analysis of papillary thyroid carcinoma nuclei with serial block\u2010face scanning electron microscopy (SBF\u2010SEM)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"73","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7162-6874","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomohiro","family":"Inoue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology University of Yamanashi Chuo 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