{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:19:47Z","timestamp":1787015987418,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) can provide survival benefits to cancer patients; however, they sometimes result in the development of renal immune\u2010related adverse events (irAEs). Tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) is the most representative pathological feature of renal irAEs. However, the clinicopathological entity and underlying pathogenesis of ICI\u2010induced TIN are unclear. Therefore, we compared the clinical and histological features of this condition with those of non\u2010ICI drug\u2010induced TIN. Age and C\u2010reactive protein levels were significantly higher in ICI\u2010induced TIN, but there were no significant differences in renal function. Immunophenotyping of ICI\u2010induced TIN showed massive T cell and macrophage infiltration with fewer B cells, plasma cells, neutrophils, and eosinophils. Compared with those in non\u2010ICI drug\u2010induced TIN, CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cell numbers were significantly lower in ICI\u2010induced TIN but CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cell numbers were not significantly different. However, CD8\/CD3 and CD8\/CD4 ratios were higher in ICI\u2010induced TIN. Moreover, CD25\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    and FOXP3\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells, namely regulatory T cells, were less abundant in ICI\u2010induced TIN. In conclusion, T cell, B cell, plasma cell, neutrophil, and eosinophil numbers proved useful for differentiating ICI\u2010induced and non\u2010ICI drug\u2010induced TIN. Furthermore, the predominant distribution of CD8\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    cells and low accumulation of regulatory T cells might be associated with ICI\u2010induced TIN development.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.13428","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,18]],"date-time":"2024-04-18T09:34:52Z","timestamp":1713432892000},"page":"317-326","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Predominant CD8\n                    <sup>+<\/sup>\n                    cell infiltration and low accumulation of regulatory T cells in immune checkpoint inhibitor\u2010induced tubulointerstitial nephritis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"74","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2871-426X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenta","family":"Tominaga","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytic Human Pathology Nippon 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