{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,29]],"date-time":"2026-01-29T17:32:32Z","timestamp":1769707952736,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,14]],"date-time":"2026-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1768348800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,1]],"date-time":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767225600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Lung is a common site of metastasis for squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC), and distinguishing primary lung SqCC from pulmonary metastatic SqCC is critical for clinical decision\u2010making, including treatment planning. However, no practical histological criteria have been established for routine diagnosis. This study aimed to develop histopathological criteria to differentiate lung SqCC and pulmonary metastatic SqCC. A total of 85 surgical cases (48 primary and 37 metastatic) were collected with clinical background data. Seven histological features were evaluated. Six [morphological heterogeneity, dilated airway, interstitial fibrosis (IF), squamous dysplasia (SD), emphysema, RB macrophage] were presented as primary\u2010associated features, while stromal infarction was proposed as metastatic. Seven pathologists scored these features. Primary\u2010associated findings showed significantly higher score in primary cases. Tumor size (size) was significantly larger in the primary group (median: primary, 30\u2009mm; metastatic, 14\u2009mm;\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A multivariate analysis incorporating size produced the \u201cpathological primary formula\u201d based on parameter estimates: 0.70\u30fbIF\u2009+\u20090.36\u30fbSD\u2009+\u20090.09\u30fbsize, with an AUC of 0.86, sensitivity of 89.5%, and specificity of 70.2%. These results suggest that the extracted histologic features may provide reproducible criteria for distinguishing primary lung SqCC from pulmonary metastatic SqCC, offering insight into potential diagnostic applications.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.70084","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T07:23:58Z","timestamp":1768461838000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extracting Histologic Features to Distinguish Primary and Metastatic Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Lung"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"given":"Yuri","family":"Tachibana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Informatics, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Kameda Medical Center Chiba 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