{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T18:47:04Z","timestamp":1782499624677,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]],"date-time":"2026-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780185600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Tumor immune microenvironment (TME) is an important pathogenic component in cancer, and a therapeutic target. To examine the role of the TME, especially cancer\u2010associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), a retrospective cohort study of 684 patients with surgically resected tissues was performed. Clinicopathological variables and immuno\u2010oncology markers were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) focusing on the invasion front of SCC, including \u03b1\u2010smooth muscle actin\u2010positive CAFs, CD163\u2010positive M2\u2010like tumor\u2010associated macrophages (TAMs), CD68\u2010positive pan\u2010macrophages, tumor protein p53, and T\u2010cell intracellular antigen 1 (TIA\u20101)\u2010positive cytotoxic T\u2010lymphocytes (CTLs) by IHC in invasion front of SCC were analyzed. Each of high infiltration of CAFs, high M2\u2010like TAMs, high or negative p53 expression, and low TIA\u20101\u2010positive CTLs was associated with poor survival of the patients. In a multivariate analysis, age \u2265\u200975 years, performance status \u2265\u20091, extranodal extension, vessel invasion, moderate and poorly differentiated histological grade, and high CAF infiltration were associated with poor 5\u2010year overall survival (all HR\u2009&gt;\u20091,\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010values\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Among the immuno\u2010oncology markers, IHC analysis of the CAFs was one of the most useful markers for predicting survival of patients with oral SCC. High infiltration of CAFs was associated with poor overall survival.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.70135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T05:41:53Z","timestamp":1780292513000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cancer\u2010Associated Fibroblasts in Invasion Front Can be a Prognostic Predictor for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-4077-9139","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuuki","family":"Ishii","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"},{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Carreras","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukie Yara","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Kondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masashi","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshihide","family":"Ota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Surgery, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoya","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, School of Medicine Tokai University Tokyo Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","volume-title":"UpToDate","author":"Kerstin M. 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