{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T10:42:11Z","timestamp":1793356931088,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":7,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790812800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Pathology International"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    IgG4\u2010related ophthalmic disease (IgG4\u2010ROD) is a common manifestation of IgG4\u2010related disease, but its clinicopathologic features and the mechanisms underlying fibrosis remain incompletely understood. We retrospectively analyzed 100 cases of IgG4\u2010ROD and investigated fibrosis using immunohistochemistry for IgG4, FOXP3, CD68, and CD163, together with RNA in situ hybridization for\n                    <jats:italic>TGFB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . IgG4\u2010ROD was histologically categorized into four patterns (Patterns 1\u20134) reflecting progressive fibrosis, demonstrating a spectrum from lymphoplasmacytic inflammation to marked fibrosis. Fibrosis was absent or minimal in 51% of cases, indicating that fibrosis is not essential for diagnosis, whereas obliterative phlebitis was rare. Compared with non\u2010fibrotic cases, fibrotic cases showed significantly increased numbers of CD68\u2010positive and CD163\u2010positive macrophages (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), predominantly localized at the interface between lymphoid and fibrotic areas. In contrast, fibrosis was not associated with IgG4\u2010positive plasma cells, FOXP3\u2010positive regulatory T cells, or EBV status.\n                    <jats:italic>TGFB1<\/jats:italic>\n                    expression was significantly higher in lymphocyte\u2010rich than fibrotic areas (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001), suggesting a closer association with lymphocyte\u2010rich inflammation than established fibrosis. These findings demonstrate progressive histologic changes from Pattern 1 to Pattern 4 and suggest that accumulation of CD163\u2010positive macrophages is associated with fibrosis in IgG4\u2010ROD.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.70193","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T11:23:29Z","timestamp":1791458609000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Pathological Evolution of Fibrosis in IgG4\u2010Related Ophthalmic Disease: A Retrospective Study of 100 Cases"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"76","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0685-4213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natsuki","family":"Taniguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology Aichi Medical University Hospital Nagakute Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7921-6087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akira","family":"Satou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology Aichi Medical University Hospital Nagakute Aichi Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Nagoya University Hospital Nagoya Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5234-6861","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuharu","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Hematopathology Okayama University Graduate School of Health Sciences Okayama Okayama Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9219-8357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Taishi","family":"Takahara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology Aichi Medical University Hospital Nagakute Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1363-2870","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oculoplastic, Orbital and Lacrimal Surgery Aichi Medical University Hospital Nagakute Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toshinobu","family":"Kubota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center Nagoya Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4230-6812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akari","family":"Iwakoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center Nagoya Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4855-4366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Toyonori","family":"Tsuzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical Pathology Aichi Medical University Hospital Nagakute Aichi Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2012.72"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14397595.2020.1859710"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pin.12932"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1827.2008.02257.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000497"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-021-00847-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/mr\/roae096"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/25785826.2024.2430812"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1442-9071.2006.01192.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-004-0147-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-013-0266-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213445.08902.11"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1096\/fj.03-1273rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41584-019-0322-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.42043"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10384-024-01072-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000173238.17331.6b"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00428-021-03256-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000002505"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAS.0000000000000206"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcp\/aqw214"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3960\/jslrt.22025"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaci.2015.12.1330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.167602"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/modpathol.2013.236"}],"container-title":["Pathology International"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pin.70193","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/pin.70193","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/pin.70193","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T10:15:01Z","timestamp":1793355301000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/pin.70193"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/pin.70193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/pin.70193","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1320-5463","1440-1827"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1320-5463","type":"print"},{"value":"1440-1827","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-07-17","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-30","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-08","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70193"}}