{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T09:02:12Z","timestamp":1785834132773,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Biol J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:list list-type=\"bullet\">\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is a photosynthetic adaptation enabling higher CO\n                          <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                          concentration close to Rubisco and increased water use efficiency. It evolved in at least 38 plant families, none reported to be carnivorous. Here, we investigate CAM activity in the carnivorous genus\n                          <jats:italic>Pinguicula<\/jats:italic>\n                          , so far reported as C\n                          <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                          , with succulent leaves and distributed mainly in Central America.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          Eight species of\n                          <jats:italic>Pinguicula<\/jats:italic>\n                          , most with seasonal heterophylly, were cultivated under controlled conditions and monitored for changes in diel acidification (\u0394H\n                          <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                          ) when grown with abundant or limited water availability. Additionally, leaf anatomy and gas exchange were studied in representative species.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          In the winter trial, five species had positive and significant \u0394H\n                          <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                          1\u2009week after withholding water (\n                          <jats:italic>P. agnata, P. esseriana, P. gigantea, P. laxifolia<\/jats:italic>\n                          and\n                          <jats:italic>P. moranensis<\/jats:italic>\n                          ). \u0394H\n                          <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                          levels were in the range previously reported in weak, facultative CAM plants (15\u201330\u2009\u03bcmol H\n                          <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                          g\n                          <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                          FW). The summer trial revealed positive \u0394H\n                          <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                          for most species tested, regardless of water availability. Three of the homophyllous species had an unclear pattern of CAM induction (\n                          <jats:italic>P. emarginata, P. martinezii<\/jats:italic>\n                          ) or no CAM induction (\n                          <jats:italic>P. grandiflora<\/jats:italic>\n                          ). Gas exchange in\n                          <jats:italic>P. agnata<\/jats:italic>\n                          found no dark CO\n                          <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                          assimilation, suggesting CAM cycling.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                      <jats:list-item>\n                        <jats:p>\n                          We present the first report of CAM in a carnivorous plant, reinforcing the need to search for CAM in other families. Future work should assess reversibility of the C\n                          <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                          \u2010CAM transition, explore the interplay between nutrient and carbon balance, and the contribution of weak CAM to plant fitness.\n                        <\/jats:p>\n                      <\/jats:list-item>\n                    <\/jats:list>\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.70128","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T05:57:13Z","timestamp":1762840633000},"page":"272-281","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Yes, we\n                    <scp>CAM<\/scp>\n                    ! First evidence of\n                    <scp>CAM<\/scp>\n                    photosynthesis in a carnivorous plant"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2105-3741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"N. J.","family":"Fleck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biocenter, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich  Martinsried Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. F. E.","family":"Messerschmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botanischer Garten M\u00fcnchen\u2010Nymphenburg (SNSB\u2010BGM)  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4917-4736","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Fleischmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botanische Staatssammlung M\u00fcnchen (SNSB\u2010BSM)  Munich Germany"},{"name":"GeoBio\u2010Center LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9497-8442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. C.","family":"Ferrari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prinzessin Therese von Bayern Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Systematik, Biodiversit\u00e4t und Evolution der Pflanzen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Kadereit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Botanischer Garten M\u00fcnchen\u2010Nymphenburg (SNSB\u2010BGM)  Munich Germany"},{"name":"Botanische Staatssammlung M\u00fcnchen (SNSB\u2010BSM)  Munich Germany"},{"name":"GeoBio\u2010Center LMU, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich  Munich Germany"},{"name":"Prinzessin Therese von Bayern Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Systematik, Biodiversit\u00e4t und Evolution der Pflanzen  Munich Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcab071"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.52.5.427"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11099\u2010010\u20100014\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Monographie der Gattung Pinguicula L","volume":"127","author":"Casper S.J.","year":"1966","journal-title":"Bibliotheca Botanica"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","volume-title":"Recherches chimique sur la Vegetation. 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