{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T16:31:16Z","timestamp":1786897876629,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786838400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786838400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Plant Biol J"],"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Drought is a key constraint on plant growth and development. Poplars and willows are dioecious plants, and sex\u2010specific responses to drought differ across species. However, little is known about how xylem embolism drives sex\u2010specific hydraulic failure.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n In this study, male and female\n Populus cathayana<\/jats:italic>\n and\n Salix babylonica<\/jats:italic>\n were used to investigate the role of embolism in sex\u2010specific drought responses.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Drought significantly reduced plant growth and photosynthetic capacity, increased membrane damage and reactive oxygen species accumulation, altered vessel structure and aggravated embolism.\n P. cathayana<\/jats:italic>\n males maintained higher net photosynthetic rates than females, whereas\n S. babylonica<\/jats:italic>\n females performed better than males under drought stress.\n P. cathayana<\/jats:italic>\n males exhibited larger vessel area and diameter but lower density than females, while the opposite sex pattern was observed in\n S. babylonica<\/jats:italic>\n . In terms of hydraulic function, male\n P. cathayana<\/jats:italic>\n and female\n S. babylonica<\/jats:italic>\n had lower embolism degrees, higher hydraulic conductivity and maintained more stable conductivity than their opposite sexes. Embolism degree was strongly correlated with both the standardized vessel structure index and the standardized photosynthetic index (R\n 2<\/jats:sup>\n \u2009=\u20090.81 and 0.93 for\n P. cathayana<\/jats:italic>\n ; 0.78 and 0.91 for\n S. babylonica<\/jats:italic>\n , respectively).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Overall, male\n P. cathayana<\/jats:italic>\n and female\n S. babylonica<\/jats:italic>\n were more resistant to embolism, sustaining higher photosynthetic performance and growth. These findings suggest that drought alters xylem vessel structure, thereby inducing embolism and restricting growth, which forms the core mechanism underlying sex\u2010specific drought responses in\n P. cathayana<\/jats:italic>\n and\n S. babylonica<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.70280","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T15:50:11Z","timestamp":1786895411000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Drought\u2010induced embolism shapes sex\u2010specific responses by regulating hydraulic conductivity in\n Populus cathayana<\/i>\n and\n Salix babylonica<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"L.","family":"Tan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio\u2010Resources and Eco\u2010Environment of Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Ex Situ Conservation and Resource Utilization of Montane Plants, College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Chengdu Botanical Garden Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited Guiyang China"},{"name":"Bayu Branch of Huadian Xizang Energy Co., Ltd Shannan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Power China Guiyang Engineering Corporation Limited Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio\u2010Resources and Eco\u2010Environment of Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Ex Situ Conservation and Resource Utilization of Montane Plants, College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Chengdu Botanical Garden Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5322-9704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Bio\u2010Resources and Eco\u2010Environment of Ministry of Education, Laboratory for Ex Situ Conservation and Resource Utilization of Montane Plants, College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Chengdu Botanical Garden Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Sichuan Ecological Protection and Construction Engineering Technology Research Centre Sichuan University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4114","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.15414","article-title":"Long\u2010term in vivo observation of maize leaf xylem 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