{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,14]],"date-time":"2025-12-14T16:08:22Z","timestamp":1765728502176,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,2]],"date-time":"2014-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1388620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005293","name":"Harvard School of Public Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005293","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>Our goal is to study the triggers of spontaneous preterm delivery using a case\u2010crossover design.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>In a pilot study, we enrolled 50 women with spontaneous preterm labour (PTL<\/jats:styled-content>) and 50 with preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM<\/jats:styled-content>) between 2011 and 2012. To assess non\u2010transient risk factors, we also enrolled a control group of 158 pregnant women at their regular prenatal care visits matched to cases by gestational age and calendar time. The index time was defined as the onset of PTL<\/jats:styled-content>\/PPROM<\/jats:styled-content> (for cases) or interview (for controls). Detailed data were collected through structured interviews regarding factors of interest during the 72\u2009h that preceded the index time. Within case subjects, we compared the frequency of transient factors from 0 to 24\u2009h before index time with that from 48 to 72\u2009h before index time, and estimated matched odds ratios (OR<\/jats:styled-content>) and 95% confidence intervals (CI<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Previously hypothesised chronic risk factors for spontaneous preterm delivery, including mood disorders and stressful events, were more common among cases than among controls. Within cases, skipped meals [OR<\/jats:styled-content> 4.3, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.2, 15.2], disturbed sleep [OR<\/jats:styled-content> 4.5, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.5, 13.3], sexual activity [OR<\/jats:styled-content> 6.0, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 0.7, 69.8], and intake of spicy foods [OR<\/jats:styled-content> 7.0, 95% CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.6, 30.8] were associated with an increased risk for PTL<\/jats:styled-content>\/PPROM<\/jats:styled-content> within the subsequent 24\u2009h. For physical exertion and other potential risk factors evaluated, the OR<\/jats:styled-content> was close to the null.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>Skipping meals and disturbed sleep may be associated with imminent PTL<\/jats:styled-content>\/PPROM<\/jats:styled-content>; sexual activity and spicy food may trigger PTL<\/jats:styled-content>\/PPROM<\/jats:styled-content> in susceptible women. Larger case\u2010crossover studies will be able to evaluate the impact of modifiable risk factors and acute predictors of PTL<\/jats:styled-content>\/PPROM<\/jats:styled-content>, and might help guide obstetrical management.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,3]],"date-time":"2014-01-03T00:58:44Z","timestamp":1388710724000},"page":"79-87","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Triggers of Spontaneous Preterm Delivery \u2013 Why Today?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Sonia","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez\u2010D\u00edaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health Boston MA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Caroline E.","family":"Boeke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Harvard School of Public Health Boston MA"},{"name":"Channing Division of Network 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