{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:53:04Z","timestamp":1791924784101,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]],"date-time":"2014-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1389225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01 HD038856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 HD038856"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n We evaluated the importance of measuring early vaginal levels of eight bacterial vaginosis (\n BV<\/jats:styled-content>\n )\u2010associated bacteria, at two points in pregnancy, and the risk of spontaneous preterm delivery (\n SPTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) among pregnant women and the subgroup of pregnant women with a history of preterm delivery (\n PTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n ).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n \n This prospective cohort study enrolled women at five urban obstetric practices at\n T<\/jats:styled-content>\n emple\n U<\/jats:styled-content>\n niversity\n H<\/jats:styled-content>\n ospital in\n P<\/jats:styled-content>\n hiladelphia\n PA<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Women with singleton pregnancies less than 16 weeks gestation self\u2010collected vaginal swabs at two points in pregnancy, prior to 16 weeks gestation and between 20\u201324 weeks gestation, to measure the presence and level of eight\n BV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010associated bacteria. Women were followed\u2010up for gestational age at delivery via medical records.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Among women reporting a prior\n PTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , women with higher levels of\n \n L<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n eptotrichia\/<\/jats:italic>\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n neathia species<\/jats:italic>\n ,\n BVAB1<\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n M<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n obiluncus spp.<\/jats:italic>\n , prior to 16 weeks gestation, were significantly more likely to experience a\n SPTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . In addition, pregnant women with a prior\n PTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n and increasing levels of\n \n L<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n eptotrichia\/<\/jats:italic>\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n neathia species<\/jats:italic>\n (\n aOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 9.1, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.9, 42.9),\n BVAB1<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n aOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 16.4, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 4.3, 62.7) or\n \n M<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n egasphaera phylotype 1<\/jats:italic>\n (\n aOR<\/jats:styled-content>\n : 6.2, 95%\n CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n 1.9, 20.6), through 24 weeks gestation, were significantly more likely to experience an\n SPTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Among the overall group of pregnant women, the levels of\n BV<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010associated bacteria were not related to\n SPTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Among the group of women reporting a prior\n PTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n , increasing levels of\n BVAB1<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n \n L<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n eptotrichia\/<\/jats:italic>\n \n S<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n neathia species<\/jats:italic>\n , and\n \n M<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n egasphaera phylotype 1<\/jats:italic>\n , through mid\u2010pregnancy were related to an increased risk of\n SPTD<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]],"date-time":"2014-01-09T20:47:20Z","timestamp":1389300440000},"page":"88-96","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Early Pregnancy Changes in Bacterial Vaginosis\u2010Associated Bacteria and Preterm Delivery"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Deborah B.","family":"Nelson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Temple University Philadelphia PA"},{"name":"Department of Public Health Temple University Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Hanlon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irving","family":"Nachamkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Haggerty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Graduate School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios S.","family":"Mastrogiannis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology Temple University Philadelphia PA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Congzhou","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Fredricks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center Seattle WA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60074-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Births: preliminary data for 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