{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,24]],"date-time":"2025-06-24T23:26:45Z","timestamp":1750807605910,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]],"date-time":"2015-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1422921600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is well established that singletons born of assisted reproductive technology are at higher risk of preterm birth and other adverse outcomes. What remains unclear is whether the increased risk is attributable to the effects of the treatment alone or whether the underlying causes of infertility also play a role. The aim of this study was to examine whether any of the six categories of causes of infertility were associated with a direct effect on preterm birth using causal mediation analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We assembled a hospital\u2010based cohort of births delivered at a large tertiary care hospital in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">M<\/jats:styled-content>ontreal, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>anada between 2001 and 2007. Causes of infertility were ascertained through a clinical database and medical chart abstraction. We employed marginal structural models (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content>) to estimate the controlled direct effect of each cause of infertility on preterm birth compared with couples without the cause under examination.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The final study cohort comprised 18\u2009598 singleton and twin pregnancies, including 1689 in couples with ascertained infertility. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MSM<\/jats:styled-content> results suggested no significant direct effect for any of the six categories of causes. However, power was limited in smaller subgroup analyses, and a possible direct effect for uterine abnormalities (e.g. fibroids and malformations) could not be ruled out.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort, most of the increased risk of preterm birth appeared to be explained by maternal characteristics (such as age, body mass index, and education) and by assisted reproduction. If these findings are corroborated, physicians should consider these risks when counselling patients.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]],"date-time":"2015-02-03T06:24:45Z","timestamp":1422944685000},"page":"101-112","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Do the Causes of Infertility Play a Direct Role in the Aetiology of Preterm Birth?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Carmen","family":"Messerlian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health McGill University  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert W.","family":"Platt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health McGill University  Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Departments of Pediatrics and of Epidemiology and Biostatistics McGill University Health Centre Research Institute McGill University Health Center  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Baris","family":"Ata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill University Health Center  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seang\u2010Lin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill University Health Center  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Basso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health McGill University  Montreal Canada"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology McGill University Health Center  Montreal Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dms044"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-007-0202-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000127037.12652.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000114989.84822.51"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2009.05.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dms018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(11)91589-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)61041-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2004.00489.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deg444"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1008095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des347"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(99)90050-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/EDE.0b013e31818f69ce"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200009000-00011"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwn164"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.4067"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"411","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Seventeenth Conference on Uncertainty and Artificial Intelligence","author":"Pearl J","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-5573-1-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0031034"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/des428"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu173"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.07.1075"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa010806"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.12.035"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh593"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.12.033"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1000386"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e31829006d9"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2010.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2009.01042.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.12.2593"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OGX.0000109223.04391.9D"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ibd.20082"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/7.4.419"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2006.04.038"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbmo.2013.03.018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2008.12.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/REP-09-0187"}],"container-title":["Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fppe.12174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ppe.12174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T17:20:26Z","timestamp":1696008026000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ppe.12174"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ppe.12174"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppe.12174","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-5022","1365-3016"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0269-5022"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1365-3016"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,2,3]]}}}