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Little is known about its causes. However, recent evidence supports a role of de novo mutations in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content> aetiology. Parental age has been associated with several adverse outcomes in offspring, including childhood cancers. Given the role of older parental age in de novo mutations in offspring, we carried out an analysis of parental age and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We evaluated the relationship between parental age and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content> in a case\u2013control study using registry data from New York, Minnesota, California, Texas, and Washington. Records from 402 cases [219 acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALL<\/jats:styled-content>), 131 acute myeloid leukaemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AML<\/jats:styled-content>), and 52 other] and 45\u00a0392 controls born during 1981\u20132004 were analysed. Odds ratios (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>) and 95% confidence intervals (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>) were calculated by logistic regression. Estimates were adjusted for infant sex, birth year category, maternal race, state, and mutually adjusted for paternal or maternal age, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants with mothers' age \u226540\u00a0years had an increased risk of developing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AML<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 4.80, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.80, 12.76). In contrast, paternal age &lt;20 was associated with increased risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ALL<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content> 3.69, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.62, 8.41).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study demonstrates increased risk of infant ALL in relation to young paternal age. Given record linkage, there is little concern with recall or selection bias, although data are lacking on <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MLL<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> gene status and other potentially important variables. Parent of origin effects, de novo mutations, and\/or carcinogenic exposures may be involved in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content> aetiology.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12412","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,22]],"date-time":"2017-09-22T10:08:49Z","timestamp":1506074929000},"page":"563-572","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Parental Age and Risk of Infant Leukaemia: A Pooled Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9630-9701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erin L.","family":"Marcotte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology &amp; Clinical Research Department of Pediatrics University of Minnesota Minneapolis MN"},{"name":"Masonic Cancer Center Minneapolis MN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Todd 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