{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T06:43:08Z","timestamp":1790404988665,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,20]],"date-time":"2017-10-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1508457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Pregnancy loss can have physical and psychological consequences for women and their families. Though a previous study described an increase in the risk of self\u2010reported pregnancy loss from 1970 to 2000, more recent examinations from population\u2010based data of\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      women are lacking.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We used data from the 1995, 2002, 2006\u20132010, 2011\u20132015 National Survey of Family Growth on self\u2010reported pregnancy loss (miscarriage, stillbirth, ectopic pregnancy) among\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      women (15\u201344\u00a0years) who reported at least one pregnancy conceived during 1990\u20132011 that did not result in induced termination (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a020\u00a0012 women;\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a042\u00a0526 pregnancies). Trends in the risk of self\u2010reported pregnancy loss and early pregnancy loss (&lt;12\u00a0weeks) were estimated, separately, by year of pregnancy conception (limited to 1990\u20132011 to ensure a sufficient sample of pregnancies for each year and maternal age group) using log\u2010Binomial and Poisson models, adjusted for maternal\u2010 and pregnancy\u2010related factors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among all self\u2010reported pregnancies, excluding induced terminations, the risk of pregnancy loss was 19.7% and early pregnancy loss was 13.5% during 1990\u20132011. Risk of pregnancy loss increased by a relative 2% (rate ratio [RR] 1.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01, 1.02) per year in unadjusted models and 1% per year (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.01, 95%\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      1.00, 1.02) during 1990\u20132011, after adjustment for maternal characteristics and pregnancy\u2010related factors. In general, trends were similar for early pregnancy loss.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From 1990 to 2011, risk of self\u2010reported pregnancy loss increased among\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      women. Further work is needed to better understand the drivers of this increase in reported pregnancy loss in the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">US<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12417","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,20]],"date-time":"2017-10-20T09:52:41Z","timestamp":1508493161000},"page":"19-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":207,"title":["Trends in Risk of Pregnancy Loss Among\n                    <scp>US<\/scp>\n                    Women, 1990\u20132011"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3823-1982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lauren M.","family":"Rossen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Reproductive Statistics Branch Division of Vital Statistics National Center for Health Statistics Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Hyattsville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine A.","family":"Ahrens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of Population Affairs Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health Rockville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy M.","family":"Branum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Office of the Center Director National Center for Health Statistics Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Hyattsville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000000859"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0730-7659.2004.00292.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2007.01452.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jocn.12781"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/GRF.0b013e31802f1d28"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deu042"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/det332"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev274"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2006.01193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198807283190401"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","volume-title":"Conception to Birth: Epidemiology of Prenatal Development","author":"Kline J","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.03.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/dev329"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-012-0113-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2155-1","article-title":"Trends in timing of pregnancy awareness among US women","volume":"21","author":"Branum AM","year":"2016","journal-title":"Maternal and Child Health Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1472-6483(10)60300-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00016340500494887"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ewjm.173.5.331"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2014.02.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","unstructured":"National Survey of Family Growth.Questionnaires Datasets and Related Documentation.http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/nsfg.htm[updated May 2015; 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