{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T12:34:50Z","timestamp":1789907690658,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1513555200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"R\u00e9seau Doctoral de l'Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sant\u00e9 Publique (EHESP)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The reduction in the under\u20105 year mortality rate to at least as low as 25 per 1000 livebirths by 2030 has been implemented as one of the new Sustainable Development Goals. Fetal growth restriction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>) is one of the most important determinants of infant mortality in developing countries. In this review, we assess the extent of the literature and summarize its findings on the main preventable factors of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content> in Africa.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A scoping review was conducted using the Arksey and O'Malley framework. Five bibliographic databases and grey literature were used to identify studies assessing at least one risk factor for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>. Aggregate risk estimates for the main factors associated with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content> were calculated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010five of a total of 671 articles were selected for the review. The prevalence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content> varied between 2.6 and 59.2% according to both the African region and the definition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>. The main preventable factors reported were a low maternal nutritional status (aggrerate odds ratio [OR]: 2.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.59, 3.25), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> infection (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.86, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.38, 2.50), malaria (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 1.95, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 1.04, 3.66), and gestational hypertension (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">aOR<\/jats:styled-content> 2.61, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 2.42, 2.82).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content> is, to a large extent, preventable through existing efficacious interventions dedicated to malaria, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HIV<\/jats:styled-content> and nutrition. Further studies are still needed to assess the influence of risk factors most commonly documented in high\u2010income countries. Improving research on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content> in Africa requires a consensual and standardized definition of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">FGR<\/jats:styled-content>\u2014for a higher comparability\u2014between studies and settings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,12,18]],"date-time":"2017-12-18T17:36:41Z","timestamp":1513618601000},"page":"184-196","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["What Do We Know about Risk Factors for Fetal Growth Restriction in Africa at the Time of Sustainable Development Goals? 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