{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T12:40:57Z","timestamp":1789821657164,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1564099200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":25,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Newcastle University Medical Faculty Fellowship"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The impact of socio\u2010economic status (SES) on congenital heart disease (CHD)\u2010related mortality in children is not well established.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to systematically review and appraise the existing evidence on the association between SES (including poverty, parental education, health insurance, and income) and mortality among children with CHD.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Data sources<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Seven electronic databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest Natural, and Biological Science Collections), reference lists, citations, and key journals were searched.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Study selection and data extraction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We included articles reporting original research on the association between SES and mortality in children with CHD if they were full papers published in the English language and regardless of (a) timing of mortality; (b) individual or area\u2010based measures of SES; (c) CHD subtype; (d) age at ascertainment; (e) study period examined. Screening for eligibility, data extraction, and quality appraisal were performed in duplicate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Synthesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Meta\u2010analyses were performed to estimate pooled ORs for in\u2010hospital mortality according to health insurance status.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 1388 identified articles, 28 met the inclusion criteria. Increased area\u2010based poverty was associated with increased odds\/risk of postoperative (n\u00a0=\u00a01), neonatal (n\u00a0=\u00a01), post\u2010discharge (n\u00a0=\u00a01), infant (n\u00a0=\u00a01), and long\u2010term mortality (n\u00a0=\u00a02). Higher parental education was associated with decreased odds\/risk of neonatal (n\u00a0=\u00a01) and infant mortality (n\u00a0=\u00a05), but not with long\u2010term mortality (n\u00a0=\u00a01). A meta\u2010analysis of four US articles showed increased unadjusted odds of in\u2010hospital mortality in those with government\/public versus private health insurance (OR 1.40, 95% CI 1.24, 1.56). The association between area\u2010based income and CHD\u2010related mortality was conflicting, with three of eight articles reporting significant associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review provides evidence that children of lower SES are at increased risk of CHD\u2010related mortality. As these children are over\u2010represented in the CHD population, interventions targeting socio\u2010economic inequalities could have a large impact on improving CHD survival.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12564","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]],"date-time":"2019-07-26T05:13:28Z","timestamp":1564118008000},"page":"291-309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["Socio\u2010economic inequalities in mortality in children with congenital heart disease: A systematic review and meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4663-7141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate E.","family":"Best","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health &amp; Society Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rute","family":"Vieira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health &amp; Society Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK"},{"name":"The Institute of Applied Health Sciences University of Aberdeen Aberdeen UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6690-4975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Svetlana V.","family":"Glinianaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health &amp; Society Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5355-454X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Judith","family":"Rankin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health &amp; Society Newcastle University Newcastle Upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","unstructured":"World Economic Forum.Outlook on the global agenda;2014.https:\/\/www.weforum.org\/reports\/outlook-global-agenda-2014. Accessed April 29 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-publhealth-031811-124658"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","volume-title":"Fair Society, Healthy Lives. The Marmot Review Executive Summary","author":"Marmot M","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2013.04.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.320.7243.1200"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.2010.112680"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2010.09.032"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.22857"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2011.08.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.115.002846"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpedi.1997.02170460030005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.105.5.1073"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2016-311143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","unstructured":"U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.Healthy People 2020.https:\/\/www.healthypeople.gov\/node\/4829\/data_details. Accessed February 11 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","unstructured":"PubMed Health.PICO Framework;2018.https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pubmedhealth\/PMHT0029906\/. Accessed October 18 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470693926"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sim.1186"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","unstructured":"Better Value Healthcare Ltd.Critical Appraisal Skills Programme;2018.http:\/\/www.casp-uk.net\/casp-tools-checklists. Accessed October 18 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2017-2432"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2018.02.103"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2018-315505"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-005-7121-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2007.02.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ahj.2005.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0803.2006.00013.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-002-0243-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2014.11.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/chd.12475"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2018-0302"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2010.12.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.301969"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2014.302099"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.103.4.743"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2013-2895"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.003711"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0178963"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.01.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.003369"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtcvs.2012.05.020"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00246-015-1241-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/JAHA.116.005213"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0163168"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2015.10.081"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2009.12.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bdra.23169"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpeds.2013.06.084"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_48_1","unstructured":"Official statistics.English Indices of deprivation;2015.https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/statistics\/english-indices-of-deprivation-2015. Accessed October 18 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_8_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.4622"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.d4306"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-009353"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.839464"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-1842.2009.00863.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.healthplace.2009.11.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.pcsu.2004.02.009"}],"container-title":["Paediatric and Perinatal Epidemiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fppe.12564","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ppe.12564","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ppe.12564","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ppe.12564","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,10]],"date-time":"2023-09-10T00:45:28Z","timestamp":1694306728000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ppe.12564"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"references-count":54,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ppe.12564"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppe.12564","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0269-5022","1365-3016"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0269-5022","type":"print"},{"value":"1365-3016","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-02-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-05-27","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-07-26","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}