{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T20:48:18Z","timestamp":1783111698939,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1568246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":11,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Several studies have examined the association between IPI and birth outcomes, but few have explored the association between interpregnancy interval (IPI) and postnatal outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined the association between IPI and injury\u2010related infant mortality, a leading cause of postneonatal mortality.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We used 2011\u20102015 US period\u2010linked birth\u2010infant death vital statistics data to generate a multiyear birth cohort of non\u2010first\u2010born singleton births (N\u00a0=\u00a09\u00a0782\u00a0029). IPI was defined as the number of months between a live birth and the start of the pregnancy leading to the next live birth. Causes of death in the first year of life were identified using ICD\u201010 codes. Hazard ratios (HR) for IPI categories were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for birth order, county poverty level, and maternal characteristics (marital status, race\/ethnicity, education, age at previous birth).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After adjustment, overall infant mortality (48.1 per 10\u00a0000 births) was higher for short and long IPIs compared with IPI 18\u201023\u00a0months (reference): &lt;6, aHR 1.61, 95% CI 1.54, 1.68; 6\u201011, aHR 1.22, 95% CI 1.17, 1.26; and 60+ months, aHR 1.12, 95% CI 1.08, 1.16. In comparison, the risk of injury\u2010related infant mortality (4.4 per 10\u00a0000 births) decreased with longer IPIs: &lt;6, aHR 1.77, 95% CI 1.55, 2.01; 6\u201011, aHR 1.41, 95% CI 1.25, 1.59; 12\u201017, aHR 1.25, 95% CI 1.10, 1.41; 24\u201059, aHR 0.78, 95% CI 0.69, 0.87; and 60+ months, aHR 0.55, 95% CI 0.48, 0.62.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unlike overall infant mortality, injury\u2010related infant mortality decreased with IPI length. While injury\u2010related deaths are rare, these patterns suggest that the timing between births may be a marker of risk for fatal infant injuries. The first year postpartum may be an ideal time for the delivery of evidence\u2010based injury prevention programmes as well as family planning services.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12575","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,12]],"date-time":"2019-09-12T08:19:01Z","timestamp":1568276341000},"page":"360-370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Beyond birth outcomes: Interpregnancy interval and injury\u2010related infant mortality"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9267-4384","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie E.","family":"Thoma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Science, School of Public Health University of Maryland College Park MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lauren M.","family":"Rossen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vital Statistics Reproductive Health Statistics Branch Hyattsville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6558-2716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dane A.","family":"De Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Science, School of Public Health University of Maryland College Park MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Margaret","family":"Warner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vital Statistics Mortality Statistics Branch Hyattsville MD"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan E.","family":"Simon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Environmental 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