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The General Movements Assessment (GMA) and its extension, the Motor Optimality Score, revised (MOS\u2010R) (assesses movement patterns and posture), may help to identify early delays.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare differences in the MOS\u2010R scored from parent\u2010recorded videos between infants born EP\/ELBW and term\u2010born infants, to determine relationships between the MOS\u2010R and 2\u2010year cognitive, language and motor outcomes and if any relationships differ between birth groups and the association of the GMA (fidgety) with CP.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A geographical cohort (EP\/ELBW and term\u2010control infants) was assessed using the MOS\u2010R inclusive of the GMA at 3\u2010 to 4\u2010month corrected age (CA), and the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, 3rd edition (Bayley\u2010III) at 2\u2010year CA. Differences in mean total MOS\u2010R between groups, relationships between MOS\u2010R and 2\u2010year outcomes and relationships between GMA (fidgety) and CP in infants born EP\/ELBW were estimated using linear\/logistic regression.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Three hundred and twelve infants (147 EP\/ELBW; 165 term) had complete MOS\u2010R and Bayley\u2010III assessments. Mean MOS\u2010R was lower in infants born EP\/ELBW than controls (mean difference \u22123.2, 95% confidence interval [CI] \u22124.2, \u22122.3). MOS\u2010R was positively related to cognitive (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> [regression coefficient]\u00a0=\u00a00.71, 95% CI 0.27, 1.15), language (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.96, 95% CI 0.38, 1.54) and motor outcomes (<jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0.89, 95% CI 0.45, 1.34). There was little evidence for interaction effects between birth groups for any outcome. Absent\/abnormal fidgety movements were related to CP in children born EP\/ELBW (risk ratio 5.91, 95% CI 1.48, 23.7).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infants born EP\/ELBW have lower MOS\u2010R than infants born at term. A higher MOS\u2010R is related to better outcomes for 2\u2010year development, with similar relationships in both birth groups. Absent\/abnormal fidgety movements are related to CP in EP\/ELBW survivors.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.12867","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,16]],"date-time":"2022-02-16T19:44:34Z","timestamp":1645040674000},"page":"673-682","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Parent\u2010recorded videos of infant spontaneous movement: Comparisons at 3\u20134\u00a0months and relationships with 2\u2010year developmental outcomes in extremely preterm, extremely low birthweight and term\u2010born infants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2875-6697","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amanda K. L.","family":"Kwong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS) Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Newborn Research Royal Women's Hospital  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lex W.","family":"Doyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS) Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Newborn Research Royal Women's Hospital  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joy E.","family":"Olsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS) Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Newborn Research Royal Women's Hospital  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbey L.","family":"Eeles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victorian Infant Brain Studies (VIBeS) Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Newborn Research Royal Women's Hospital  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Physiotherapy University of Melbourne  Parkville Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Paediatrics Monash University  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana","family":"Zannino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rheanna M.","family":"Mainzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit Murdoch Children's Research Institute  Parkville Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeanie L. 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