{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T07:11:24Z","timestamp":1783667484636,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691625600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003977","name":"Israel Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1483\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1483\/20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003977","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Childhood overweight and obesity is a global public health problem. Rapid infant weight gain is predictive of childhood overweight. Studies found that exposure to ambient air pollution is associated with childhood overweight, and have linked prenatal exposure to air pollution with rapid infant weight gain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine the association between prenatal and postnatal ambient NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure, a traffic\u2010related marker, with rapid weight gain in infants.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We carried out a population\u2010based historical cohort study using data from the Israeli national network of maternal and child health clinics. The study included 474,136 infants born at term with birthweight \u22652500\u2009g in 2011\u20132019 in central Israel. Weekly averages of NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> concentration throughout pregnancy (prenatal) and the first 4\u2009weeks of life (postnatal) were assessed using an optimized dispersion model and were linked to geocoded home addresses. We modelled weight gain velocity throughout infancy using the SuperImposition by Translation and Rotation (SITAR) method, a mixed\u2010effects nonlinear model specialized for modelling growth curves, and defined rapid weight gain as the highest velocity tertile. Distributed\u2010lag models were used to assess critical periods of risk and to measure relative risks for rapid weight gain. Adjustments were made for socioeconomic status, population group, subdistrict, month and year of birth, and the alternate exposure period \u2013 prenatal or postnatal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The cumulative adjusted relative risk for rapid weight gain of NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> exposure was 1.02 (95% confidence intereval [CI] 1.00, 1.04) for exposure throughout pregnancy and 1.02 (95% CI 1.01, 1.04) for exposure during the first four postnatal weeks per NO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> interquartile range increase (7.3\u2009ppb). An examination of weekly associations revealed that the critical period of risk for the prenatal exposure was from mid\u2010pregnancy to birth.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prenatal and postnatal exposures to higher concentrations of traffic\u2010related air pollution are each independently associated with rapid infant weight gain, a risk factor for childhood overweight and obesity.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.13000","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,10]],"date-time":"2023-08-10T09:48:35Z","timestamp":1691660915000},"page":"669-678","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prenatal and postnatal exposure to <scp>NO<sub>2<\/sub><\/scp> and rapid infant weight gain \u2013 A population\u2010based cohort study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8027-4164","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Neora","family":"Alterman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine The Hebrew University at Jerusalem \u2013 Hadassah  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Iaroslav","family":"Youssim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine The Hebrew University at Jerusalem \u2013 Hadassah  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Nevo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics and Operations Research Tel Aviv University  Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronit","family":"Calderon\u2010Margalit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine The Hebrew University at Jerusalem \u2013 Hadassah  Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"family":"Yuval","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Broday","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Civil and Environmental Engineering Technion Israel Institute of Technology  Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7368-6344","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Hauzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bonen Clinic  Haifa and Western Galilee District Israel"},{"name":"Clalit Health Services Community Division  Haifa 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