{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T04:06:49Z","timestamp":1788840409780,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788739200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004431","name":"Fondation de France","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004431","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI) remains poorly understood, and the potential contribution of air pollution exposure is largely unexplored. Given its known impact on infant health, air pollution may influence the risk of SUDI, particularly through short\u2010term effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to evaluate the short\u2010term effect of exposure to ambient air pollutants on SUDI in France.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Using data from the French national SUDI registry (2015\u20132022) and modelled air pollution data, we assigned daily concentrations of particulate matter (PM\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      and PM\n                      <jats:sub>2.5<\/jats:sub>\n                      , \u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ), nitrogen dioxide (NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      , \u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) and ozone (O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      , \u03bcg\/m\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) at each infant's residence. We conducted a time\u2010stratified case\u2010crossover analysis comparing single\u2010 and multi\u2010pollutant exposure on the day of death with matched control days, considering lagged effects up to 6\u2009days. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using conditional logistic regression, adjusted for public holiday, influenza\u2010like syndrome and daily mean temperature. We assessed the potential effect of several effect modifiers, such as biological sex, age at death, season, urban or rural residence, social deprivation and sleeping position at discovery.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      A total of 1078 SUDI cases were included. Exposure to PM was consistently associated with higher odds of SUDI, with a lag effect of 3 to 5\u2009days before death and during the last week of life. NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      exposure presented a trend of association. Higher effects were observed for PM and NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      with cumulative exposure, especially for PM and consistent with the multi\u2010pollutant model. We observed seasonal heterogeneity, with higher ORs in the spring for PM and O\n                      <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                      .\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Our findings support a plausible short\u2010term trigger effect of air pollution on SUDI. These results highlight the need to integrate environmental determinants, particularly for NO\n                      <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                      and PM, into SUDI prevention strategies.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.70196","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T03:10:26Z","timestamp":1788837026000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Short\u2010Term Effect of Air Pollutants on Sudden Unexpected Death in Infancy: A Case\u2010Crossover Study Based on the French National Registry"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3809-5696","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Bourdet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ Rennes, Inserm, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental &amp; Occupational Health) UMR 1085, Rennes  France"},{"name":"Service de Sant\u00e9 Publique et Environnementale, CHU Nantes, Nantes Universit\u00e9  Nantes France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Paris\u2010Cit\u00e9, INSERM, Optimisation th\u00e9rapeutique en neuropharmacologie OTEN U1144  Paris France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6925-1217","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"No\u00e9mie","family":"Letellier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Univ Rennes, Inserm, Irset (Research Institute for Environmental &amp; 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