{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:55:35Z","timestamp":1790556935647,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790467200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["#APP2023288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#APP2023288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NIHR303806"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR303806"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Paediatric Perinatal Epid"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although migrants are recognised as heterogeneous, research often emphasises origin over receiving\u2010context experiences.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We investigated maternal risk factors and perinatal outcomes by duration of residence in Australia, stratified by region of birth.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      This population\u2010based cohort study using Victorian Perinatal Data Collection data included singleton births between 2017\u20132019 (\n                      <jats:italic>N<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u2009=\u2009199,935). Exposures were maternal region of birth (United Nations\u2010grouped countries) and duration of residence (&lt;\u20092, 2\u20135, 6\u201310, &gt;\u200910\u2009years, [~15% missing]). Outcomes were grouped into preconception health (smoking, body mass index (BMI), pre\u2010existing conditions, social disadvantage), structural factors (antenatal care, early ultrasound) and pregnancy\/perinatal outcomes (gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, gestation at birth, stillbirth). Relative risks were estimated using robust Poisson regression, adjusted for maternal age and birth year, stratified by region of birth.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Among the 36.7% of women born outside of Australia, most were from South Asia or South\u2010East\/East Asia, with a mean residence of 10\u2009years. Compared with Australia\u2010born women, migrant women generally had a lower risk of smoking, pre\u2010existing hypertension, BMI \u2265\u200925, preeclampsia and preterm birth\u2014although advantages were less pronounced in women residing longer and varied by region. Some groups had a higher risk of gestational diabetes (Oceania, South Asia, South\u2010East\/East Asia, West Asia) and stillbirth (Oceania, South Asia, Africa), with risks persisting regardless of residence duration. Late initiation of antenatal care was consistently observed among women born in New Zealand, Oceania, Africa, West Asia and Other regions. Sensitivity analyses (i) treating missing duration as a category; (ii) restricting to women migrating \u2265\u200918\u2009years; and (iii) imputing missing data for duration, BMI and smoking, yielded similar results.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Perinatal outcomes varied by region of birth and duration of residence, indicating the importance of both origin and receiving\u2010context factors. Improving outcomes requires addressing structural barriers and upstream determinants disproportionately affecting specific migrant groups.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppe.70205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T23:55:57Z","timestamp":1790553357000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The Complex Interplay of Duration of Residence and Region of Birth on Perinatal Outcomes Among Migrant Women in Australia: A Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9124-3264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie","family":"Holowko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical Research  Clayton Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9086-7588","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sol P.","family":"Ju\u00e1rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences Stockholm University  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Centre for Health Equity Studies (CHESS) Stockholm University\/Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Global Public Health Karolinska Institutet  Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7421-6291","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirsten R.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical Research  Clayton Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1984-4575","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marian","family":"Knight","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatima","family":"El Assaad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiome Research Centre, St George &amp; Sutherland Clinical Campuses, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine &amp; Health UNSW Sydney  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"The Still Nest  Sydney Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1918-5538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miranda","family":"Davies\u2010Tuck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ritchie Centre Hudson Institute of Medical Research  Clayton Australia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Monash University  Melbourne Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1017\/S2040174421000258","article-title":"Characterising and Monitoring Preconception Health in England: A Review of National Population\u2010Level Indicators and Core Data Sources","volume":"13","author":"Schoenaker D.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Developmental Origins of Health and Disease"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajogmf.2020.100229","article-title":"Effects of Psychological Stress on Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes and Nonpharmacologic Approaches for Reduction: An Expert Review","volume":"2","author":"Traylor C. 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