{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T10:11:09Z","timestamp":1790763069710,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,24]],"date-time":"2016-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1479945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004837","name":"Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BES\u20102009\u2010029355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BES\u20102009\u2010029355"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004837","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The hypothesis of metal defense as a substitute for a defective biotic stress signaling system in metal hyperaccumulators was tested using the pathosystem <jats:italic>Alternaria brassicicola\u2013Noccaea caerulescens<\/jats:italic> under low (2 \u00b5<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>), medium (12 \u00b5<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>) and high (102 \u00b5<jats:italic>M<\/jats:italic>) Zn supply. Regardless the Zn supply, <jats:italic>N. caerulescens<\/jats:italic> responded to fungal attack with the activation of both HMA4 coding for a Zn transporter, and biotic stress signaling pathways. Salicylate, jasmonate, abscisic acid and indoleacetic acid concentrations, as well as biotic stress marker genes (<jats:italic>PDF1.2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>CHIB<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>LOX2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>PR1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>BGL2<\/jats:italic>) were activated 24 h upon inoculation. Based on the activation of defense genes 24 h after the inoculation an incompatible fungal\u2013plant interaction could be predicted. Nonetheless, in the longer term (7 days) no effective protection against <jats:italic>A. brassicicola<\/jats:italic> was achieved in plants exposed to low and medium Zn supply. After 1 week the biotic stress markers were even further increased in these plants, and this compatible interaction was apparently not caused by a failure in the signaling of the fungal attack, but due to the lack of specificity in the type of the activated defense mechanisms. Only plants receiving high Zn exhibited an incompatible fungal interaction. High Zn accumulation in these plants, possibly in cooperation with high glucosinolate concentrations, substituted for the ineffective defense system and the interaction turned into incompatible. In a threshold\u2010type response, these joint effects efficiently hampered fungal spread and, consequently decreased the biotic stress signaling.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.12518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,13]],"date-time":"2016-10-13T22:59:23Z","timestamp":1476399563000},"page":"401-415","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Zinc hyperaccumulation substitutes for defense failures beyond salicylate and jasmonate signaling pathways of <i>Alternaria brassicicola<\/i> attack in <i>Noccaea caerulescens<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"159","author":[{"given":"Berta","family":"Gallego","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Plant Physiology Laboratory, Bioscience Faculty Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona  Bellaterra E\u201008193 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