{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,8]],"date-time":"2026-07-08T03:33:18Z","timestamp":1783481598738,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1694649600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":44,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014621","name":"New Phytologist Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014621","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Copper (Cu) homeostasis is integral to many plant physiological processes, including lignification of plant cell walls. This link occurs through Cu's role as a cofactor in the apoplastic laccase enzymes that oxidize monolignols that then polymerize to form the hydrophobic lignin polymer, which provides rigidity and strength to the water transport system. In this study, we investigated the effect of Cu deficiency on lignin content and chemistry in poplar stems. We also examined the effect of Cu deficiency on the stiffness of stem wood and the hydraulic properties of leaves. Cu deficiency resulted in a significant reduction in lignin content, an increase in the syringyl to guaiacyl monomer ratio of stem xylem, and no change to stem modulus of elasticity. Accompanying these stem traits, Cu\u2010deficient leaves had higher (less negative) turgor loss points and markedly stiffer mesophyll cell walls. Our results may reflect a novel response in poplar whereby structural stiffness and mechanical stability are maintained in the face of Cu deficiency and reduction in the guaiacyl lignin monomer content.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.14006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]],"date-time":"2023-09-14T17:13:45Z","timestamp":1694711625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The effects of copper deficiency on lignification, xylem vessel structure, and hydraulic traits in hybrid poplar"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"175","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0104-9856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cameron","family":"Hunter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"},{"name":"Water Management and Systems Research Unit, USDA\u2010ARS  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zimou","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shawn D.","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Wood Science University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"},{"name":"Botany Department University of British Columbia  Vancouver British Columbia Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shahbaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marinus","family":"Pilon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5607-4741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sean M.","family":"Gleason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Colorado State University  Fort Collins Colorado USA"},{"name":"Water Management and Systems Research Unit, USDA\u2010ARS  Fort Collins Colorado USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","volume-title":"ASTM D198\u201008: static tests of timbers in structural sizes","author":"American Society for Testing and Materials","year":"2008"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","first-page":"277","volume-title":"Poplar culture in North America","author":"Balatinecz J.J.","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-416023-1.00005-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/psb.4.2.7688"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rspb.2008.1919"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-3040.2000.00647.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.103.023879"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aobpla\/plz058"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3054.2007.00879.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706537105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.108.125500"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13068-016-0445-x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/44819"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.13400"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.111.2.413"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004420100628"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pce.12777"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","article-title":"The water\u2010culture method for growing plants without soil","volume":"347","author":"Hoagland D.R.","year":"1950","journal-title":"Circular. 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