{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,18]],"date-time":"2026-01-18T21:43:27Z","timestamp":1768772607827,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]],"date-time":"2025-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741651200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":10,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004498","name":"Chengdu Normal University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023JG19"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023JG19"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004498","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004498","name":"Chengdu Normal University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["YJRC2021\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YJRC2021\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004498","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n Toona sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n , a plant species renowned for its culinary and medicinal properties, exhibits diverse colour variations that contribute to its aesthetic appeal and commercial value. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying colour and aroma traits in\n Toona sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n is crucial for breeding programs and quality regulation in agriculture and the food industry. The present investigation included a comprehensive analysis of the transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of\n Toona sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n with different colours, including green, red, and red leaves with green stems. Metabolic analysis revealed that the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway governs the colour distinction between green and red\n Toona sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n . The top 10 metabolites influenced by transcriptome include terpenoids (5), heterocyclic compounds (1), phenol (1), ketone (1), aldehyde (1), and alcohol (1). Fifteen highly expressed genes impacted by phenylpropanoid, sesquiterpenoid, and triterpenoid biosynthesis in coloured\n Toona sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n . Functional annotation and pathway analysis revealed that terpene metabolites are predominantly synthesized via terpene metabolic pathway, involving eight key gene families. This study underscores the importance of multi\u2010omics approaches in unravelling the genetic and metabolic basis of phenotypic traits in plant species aimed at improving colour, aroma, and nutritional quality in plants and derived products.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Highlights<\/jats:title>\n \n \n \n \n Flavonoid biosynthesis pathway governs the colour distinction between green and red\n Toona sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n The top 10 metabolites influenced by transcriptome include five terpenoids, one heterocyclic compound, one phenol, one ketone, one aldehyde, and one alcohol.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n Fifteen highly expressed genes impacted by phenylpropanoid, sesquiterpenoid, and triterpenoid biosynthesis in coloured\n Toona sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n Terpene metabolites are predominantly synthesized via the terpene metabolic pathway, involving eight key gene families.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n \n \n The net photosynthetic rate and intercellular CO\n 2<\/jats:sub>\n concentration are relatively high in the red\n Toon sinensis<\/jats:italic>\n morph.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:list-item>\n <\/jats:list>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.70146","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,12]],"date-time":"2025-03-12T03:04:04Z","timestamp":1741748644000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Differential gene expression and metabolic pathways in\n Toona sinensis<\/i>\n : Influence on colour and aroma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Rui","family":"Zeng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science Chengdu Normal University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Chengdu Normal University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mingmin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science Chengdu Normal University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Chengdu Normal University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yunhong","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sichuan Yizhong Agricultural Development Co., Ltd Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianchun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xichang University Xichang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javed","family":"Ahmad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wheat Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Umer","family":"Farooq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wheat Research Institute Ayub Agricultural Research Institute Faisalabad Punjab Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Songqing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science Chengdu Normal University Chengdu Sichuan China"},{"name":"Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Development and Utilization of Characteristic Horticultural Biological Resources, College of Chemistry and Life Sciences Chengdu Normal University Chengdu China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiangmei","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Chemistry and Life Science Chengdu Normal University Chengdu Sichuan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0452-232X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Suleyman I.","family":"Allakhverdiev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Bahcesehir University Istanbul Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2345-8981","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey","family":"Shabala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Biological Science University of Western Australia Crawley Australia"},{"name":"International Research Centre for Environmental Membrane Biology Foshan University Foshan China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22179544"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10886-013-0280-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jep.2008.07.048"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s40168-019-0775-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41438-019-0192-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.12145"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10020391"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","article-title":"The phenylpropanoid pathway in arabidopsis","volume":"9","author":"Fraser C.M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"The Arabidopsis Book\/American Society of Plant Biologists"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.57.032905.105248"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-5379-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/503785"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2010.01.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1755-0998.13318"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","first-page":"4411","article-title":"Terpenoids from Toona sinensis","volume":"45","author":"Jiang H.U.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2022.113846"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.lwt.2019.03.055"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Gene clustering and pathway regulation in secondary metabolite synthesis","volume":"14","author":"Jones A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Science Today"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.08.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2105-9-559"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lim H.J. 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