{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T05:24:16Z","timestamp":1788067456944,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":88,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100020595","name":"National Science and Technology Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100020595","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Microbial biostimulants can be applied to reliably improve crop productivity and quality. One such biostimulant is 3\u2010methyl\u20101\u2010butanol (3MB), a microbial volatile compound released by various plant growth\u2010promoting microbes, which has gained recent attention due to its ability to promote plant growth and enhance stress tolerance. Previous studies have shown that 3MB induces stomatal closure and enhances salt stress tolerance in plants; however, its mode of action in these processes remains poorly understood. In this study, 6\u2010day\u2010old Arabidopsis seedlings were fumigated with 3MB (1\u2009mg\u2009L\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) for 3\u2009days, resulting in significant transcriptomic changes compared to untreated controls. Transcriptome analysis revealed 452 differentially expressed genes (256 upregulated and 196 downregulated by 3MB), among which several ethylene (ET)\u2010 and jasmonate (JA)\u2010related genes were upregulated. Interestingly, 3MB induced stomatal closure and salt stress tolerance in wild\u2010type plants but not in\n                    <jats:italic>ethylene\u2010responsive factor 4 (erf4)<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>jasmonate resistant1 (jar1\u20101)<\/jats:italic>\n                    mutants. A metabolomic analysis further revealed a significant increase in JA and anthocyanin contents following 3MB treatment. Together, these findings suggest that 3MB\u2010induced stomatal closure and salt stress tolerance are mediated by ET and JA signaling pathways in Arabidopsis, with potential involvement of anthocyanins. This study deepens our understanding of plant immune responses and highlights the potential of microbial biostimulants for sustainable crop improvement strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.70383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T03:31:11Z","timestamp":1751859071000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Microbial Volatile 3\u2010Methyl\u20101\u2010Butanol Enhances Stomatal Closure and Salt Stress Tolerance via Ethylene and Jasmonate Pathways in Arabidopsis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3603-8679","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tu\u2010Trinh Thi","family":"Truong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Sciences National Cheng Kung University  Tainan Taiwan"},{"name":"Faculty of Technology The University of Danang\u2010Campus in Kontum, The 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