{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T18:07:54Z","timestamp":1787594874908,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,29]],"date-time":"2025-07-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":28,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The intercropping of tea plants with Chinese chestnut has been recognized as an advanced and eco\u2010friendly cultivation method that enhances the self\u2010resistance of tea plants. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between plant hormones and\n                    <jats:italic>CsAFS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    based on previous findings and to reveal the mechanism by which\n                    <jats:italic>CsAFS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    enhances the resistance of tea plants intercropped with Chinese chestnut. In this study, an \u03b1\u2010farnesene synthase (AFS) was identified in tea plants intercropped with Chinese chestnut through transcriptome sequencing. This gene was actively expressed during cold and under exogenous methyl jasmonate (MeJA), salicylic acid (SA), abscisic acid (ABA), and gibberellic acid (GA) induction. The gene was cloned, and the bioinformatics analysis revealed that its encoded protein was clustered within the same evolutionary branch as camellia proteins, and hence it was named\n                    <jats:italic>CsAFS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    . The promoter analysis revealed multiple\n                    <jats:italic>cis<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010acting elements responsive to cold, JA, MeJA, and SA. After transformation of\n                    <jats:italic>CsAFS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    into tobacco plants, the transgenic tobacco plants exhibited growth similar to that of wild\u2010type tobacco plants, but with longer and denser glandular trichomes. Aphid and cold stress were used as representative examples of biotic and abiotic stresses in transgenic tobacco plants, respectively. Enhanced resistance to aphid and cold stress was associated with increased levels of osmoregulatory substances and protective enzyme activities, upregulated expression of stress\u2010related genes, and reduced reactive oxygen species production.\n                    <jats:italic>CsAFS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    was also found to respond rapidly to MeJA and SA, and significant changes in terpenoid content, for example, nerolidol, were observed. These findings suggested that\n                    <jats:italic>CsAFS1<\/jats:italic>\n                    enhanced stress resistance by boosting antioxidant enzyme activity, the level of osmoregulatory substances, and secondary metabolites, hormone signaling, and systemic acquired resistance, making tea plants or tea plantations much healthier. This study provided a theoretical foundation for understanding stress regulation in tea plants and for breeding stress\u2010resistant varieties.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.70430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T00:58:29Z","timestamp":1753837109000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["<i>CsAFS1<\/i>\n                    Enhances the Self\u2010Resistance of Tea Plants by Promoting Terpenoid Accumulation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Mei","family":"Dao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southwest Landscape Architecture Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, College of Landscape Architecture and Horticulture Science Southwest Forestry University  Kunming Yunnan 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