{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T11:10:28Z","timestamp":1776251428463,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,1]],"date-time":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1759276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":30,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,1]],"date-time":"2025-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756684800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Determining relative limitations of stomatal, mesophyll, and biochemical components (\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>\n                    , respectively) to photosynthetic rate (\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) can help understand leaf ecophysiology for specific growth conditions. The differential method has been widely applied to estimate the relative limitations in C\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    plants, first for comparing two contrasting growth conditions, but also increasingly for a single condition. In addition to the common practical issue that estimating mesophyll conductance is sensitive to measurement noise, the method has a theoretical feature when applied to photosynthesis for a single condition, that is, one of the three in\u2010serial underlying parameters differs from the other two in nature. A new method was proposed, in which a coupled CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2010diffusion and photosynthesis model was fitted to data for\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    , using intercellular\u2010CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and ambient\u2010air\u2010CO\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    levels as input, respectively. From two parameter estimates from model\u2010fitting,\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    ,\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    , and\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>\n                    can be calculated analytically, conditional on that\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009+\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009+\u2009\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u2009100%. This method was illustrated using data sets for plants grown under various water, nitrogen, and temperature conditions. The theoretical feature caused the differential method to have a 50% higher estimate of\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>b<\/jats:sub>\n                    and ~25% lower estimate of\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>s<\/jats:sub>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>l<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>m<\/jats:sub>\n                    than the new method. Such significant differences were interpreted to result from the differential method defining the limitations in terms of increments in\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    (d\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ), whereas the new method defines them in terms of\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    itself. The measurement noise\u2010sensitive estimation of mesophyll conductance caused an average error of another ~8%. Common misuses and misinterpretations of the differential method were analyzed and discussed.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.70552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T05:25:49Z","timestamp":1759382749000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Method to Quantify Relative Stomatal, Mesophyll, and Biochemical Limitations to\n                    <scp>\n                      C\n                      <sub>3<\/sub>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Leaf Photosynthesis in a Specific Growth Environment"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8273-8022","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyou","family":"Yin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Crop Systems Analysis Wageningen University &amp; Research  Wageningen the 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