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However, ABA\u2010induced stomatal closure in ferns and lycophytes has been reported in some studies but not in others, even within the same species, such as the fern\n \n Nephrolepis exaltata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and the lycophyte\n \n Selaginella uncinata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . Here, ABA\u2010induced stomatal behaviour and ABA signalling components, including guard cell potassium ion (K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n ) and calcium ion (Ca\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n ) fluxes and vacuoles, were analysed in the seed plant\n \n Vicia faba<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n , the fern\n \n N. exaltata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and the lycophyte\n \n S. uncinata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . We found that ABA dramatically induced stomatal closure (by approximately 80%) in\n \n V. faba<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n but did not induce stomatal closure in\n \n N. exaltata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n or\n \n S. uncinata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n . Similarly, downstream effects of ABA signalling pathways, including the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), the activation of Ca\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n influx, the efflux of K\n +<\/jats:sup>\n and the disaggregation of large vacuole compartments, were observed in\n \n V. faba<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n but were absent in\n \n N. exaltata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n S. uncinata<\/jats:styled-content>\n ,\n <\/jats:italic>\n except for ROS accumulation. Our findings show that, under the growth conditions used, the stomata of\n \n N. exaltata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n and\n \n S. uncinata<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:styled-content>\n do not respond to ABA.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.70583","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,17]],"date-time":"2025-10-17T06:01:59Z","timestamp":1760680919000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Failure to Observe Stomatal\n ABA<\/scp>\n Responses in a Fern and a Lycophyte"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"177","author":[{"given":"Yan\u2010Ru","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xu\u2010Dong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guang\u2010Qian","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu\u2010Na","family":"Duan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shun\u2010Ping","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xia\u2010Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya\u2010Xian","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lin","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiang\u2010Hang","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2227-2800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiang\u2010Wen","family":"Fang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro\u2010Ecosystems, College of Ecology Lanzhou University Lanzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.15.01965"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(00)02248-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","article-title":"ALA Inhibits ABA\u2010Induced Stomatal Closure via Reducing H2O2 and Ca2+ Levels in Guard Cells","volume":"7","author":"An Y. 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