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TWISTED DWARF1 (TWD1\/FKBP42) is a conserved immunophilin involved in plant growth and development, but its function in tomato remains unclear. Here, we identified and characterized SlTWD1, the tomato homolog of TWD1. SlTWD1 is highly conserved among land plants and functionally complemented the developmental defects of an\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Arabidopsis thaliana<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      cr\u2010twd1\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    mutant.\n                    <jats:italic>SlTWD1<\/jats:italic>\n                    was broadly expressed in vegetative and reproductive tissues. CRISPR\/Cas9\u2010mediated disruption of\n                    <jats:italic>SlTWD1<\/jats:italic>\n                    caused severe dwarfism and reduced leaf and fruit size, whereas overexpression of\n                    <jats:italic>SlTWD1<\/jats:italic>\n                    or a C\u2010terminally truncated variant moderately promoted leaf growth. Cellular analyses showed that loss of\n                    <jats:italic>SlTWD1<\/jats:italic>\n                    markedly reduced epidermal cell size, while overexpression increased cell size, indicating that\n                    <jats:italic>SlTWD1<\/jats:italic>\n                    promotes leaf growth primarily through cell expansion. Expression changes in auxin\u2010 and cell cycle\u2010related genes were also associated with SlTWD1 perturbation. These findings indicate that SlTWD1 functions as an evolutionarily conserved regulator of plant growth that contributes to leaf and fruit size control in tomato.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.70993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T02:15:07Z","timestamp":1782958507000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>\n                      <i>SlTWD1<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>\n                    Affects Leaf Growth Primarily via Cell Expansion and Contributes to Leaf and Fruit Size Control in Tomato"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Xiangtao","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Biological Science and Food Engineering Southwest Forestry University  Kunming China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden 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