{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T15:36:32Z","timestamp":1793201792248,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFD2300103\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFD2300103\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In salinized soils, high salt and pH inhibit iron availability via chelation and ion competition, inducing iron deficiency stress in plants. Compared with traditional iron fertilizers, nano\u2010iron has characteristics like easy absorption and targeted slow release, showing great potential in improving plants' saline\u2010alkali tolerance. Herein, a spherical\u2010like nano\u2010iron (average particle size of 20\u201350\u2009nm, zeta potential of \u221225\u2009mV, and with oxide layer) was synthesized. Soybean cultivars Hefeng 50 (HF50) and Henong 95 (HN95) were grown in pots filled with soil treated with mixed saline\u2010alkali solution (NaCl: Na\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    SO\n                    <jats:sub>4<\/jats:sub>\n                    : Na\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    CO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    : NaHCO\n                    <jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20091: 9: 1: 9, pH\u2009=\u20098.9) to investigate the effects of foliar application of 0\u2013300\u2009mg\u2009l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    nano\u2010iron on soybean growth. Foliar nano\u2010iron significantly alleviated saline\u2010alkali stress induced growth inhibition, with 200\u2009mg\u2009l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    as the optimal concentration. Nano\u2010iron enhanced antioxidant enzymes activities in soybean leaves and roots under saline\u2010alkali stress, reduced cellular H\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    and O\n                    <jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n                    <jats:sup>\u2212<\/jats:sup>\n                    contents, mitigated membrane lipid peroxidation, and improved osmotic adjustment capacity. It up\u2010regulated the expression levels of genes related to chlorophyll biosynthesis, light absorption, electron transport, and carbohydrate metabolism, increased chlorophyll content, promoted the efficiency of light absorption and utilization in soybean leaves, accelerated carbohydrate biosynthesis, and provided a material and substrate basis for plant stress\u2010resistant physiological regulation. Ultimately, the 200\u2009mg\u2009l\n                    <jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>\n                    nano\u2010iron treatment significantly increased the number of seeds per plant, seed weight per plant, and 100\u2010seed weight of both soybean cultivars. This study provides the basis for developing nano\u2010iron\u2010based soybeans saline\u2010alkali tolerant cultivation technologies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.71078","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T09:10:56Z","timestamp":1787908256000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Nano\u2010Iron Alleviates Carbohydrate Deficiency and Improves Yield of Soybean Under Saline\u2010Alkali Stress by Regulating Photosynthetic Carbon Assimilation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Hou","family":"Jialin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Soybean Mechanized Production  Daqing People's Republic of 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Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Soybean Mechanized Production  Daqing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4173-1543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhang","family":"Yuxian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Soybean Mechanized Production  Daqing People's Republic of China"},{"name":"National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center  Daqing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9017-663X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhao","family":"Qiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Soybean Mechanized Production  Daqing People's Republic of China"},{"name":"Research Center of Saline and Alkali Land Improvement Engineering Technology in Heilongjiang Province  Daqing People's Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003160717-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/735\/1\/012086"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.arplant.59.032607.092759"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2024.1418515"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2321050121"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232012138"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.17074"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9781003247913-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2008.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app14031106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2022.992535"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-27610-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21020618"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","volume-title":"Stabilization\/Solidification 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