{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T12:20:10Z","timestamp":1789042810475,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788912000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004001","name":"Guizhou Provincial Science and Technology Department","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Qiankehe Fundamentals ZK [2023] General 114"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Qiankehe Fundamentals ZK [2023] General 114"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Petal size is a critical agronomic trait influencing pollination efficiency and yield in field crops. However, the cellular basis and upstream hormonal interplay governing petal size in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Brassica napus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    remain unclear. In this study, utilizing a natural variation population of \u201c\n                    <jats:italic>Zhongshuang 11<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u201d, we investigated biological mechanisms underlying petal development through integrated phenotypic screening, paraffin section\u2010based cytological analysis, targeted hormone metabolomics, and transcriptome. The results revealed that the single\u2010flower area of large petals (BEP; 13.0\u2009mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) was significantly larger than that of wild type (8.5\u2009mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ) and small petals (SEP; 6.8\u2009mm\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    ), a difference primarily attributable to increased petal width. The formation of BEP was due to a more than two\u2010fold increase in cell number per unit area, rather than cell expansion. Furthermore, salicylic acid (SA), jasmonic acid (JA), abscisic acid (ABA), and cytokinins (CK) were significantly enriched in BEP petals, whereas brassinosteroid (BR) content was lowest. Correlation analysis indicated a significant positive correlation between ABA and JA (\n                    <jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.95). Negative regulators of ABA signaling,\n                    <jats:italic>BnaC09.ABI1<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>BnaA01.PP2CA<\/jats:italic>\n                    , were significantly downregulated, while core cell cycle genes were highly expressed in BEP. An \u201cABA de\u2010repression\u201d model was proposed; a hormonal milieu characterized by high concentrations of SA, JA, and CK, coupled with low BR levels, is associated with the downregulation of negative regulators of ABA, potentially alleviating constraints on cell cycle progression to facilitate cell proliferation. This study elucidates the molecular and physiological basis of petal size in rapeseed and provides a theoretical foundation for enhancing outcrossing and yield through floral trait modification.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.71108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,9]],"date-time":"2026-09-09T23:40:05Z","timestamp":1788997205000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["<scp>ABA<\/scp>\n                    Signaling De\u2010Repression Coordinates With Cytokinin to Drive Large Petal Formation in\n                    <scp>\n                      <i>Brassica napus<\/i>\n                    <\/scp>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4049-9332","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meng\u2010xue","family":"Cheng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agro\u2010Bioengineering Guizhou University  Guiyang China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences\/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) Guizhou University  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia\u2010hui","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agro\u2010Bioengineering Guizhou University  Guiyang China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences\/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) Guizhou University  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010na","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agro\u2010Bioengineering Guizhou University  Guiyang China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences\/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) Guizhou University  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2099-4304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng\u2010xi","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agro\u2010Bioengineering Guizhou University  Guiyang China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences\/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) Guizhou University  Guiyang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li\u2010juan","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Agronomy and Biotechnology Southwest University  Chongqing China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1766-9096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland Yangtze University  Jingzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1233-4388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liu","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Agro\u2010Bioengineering Guizhou University  Guiyang China"},{"name":"School of Life Sciences\/Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education) Guizhou University  Guiyang 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