{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T02:06:19Z","timestamp":1790129179273,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":21,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008827","name":"Zhejiang A and F University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2010FR089"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2010FR089"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008827","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cuticular wax plays a critical role in preserving fruit quality and providing structural protection against external stresses in plants. Rabbiteye blueberry and southern highbush blueberry are the main types of cultivated blueberries grown in southern China, exhibiting substantial differences in fruit ripening, management requirements, and stress resistance. In this study, rabbiteye blueberry cv. Titan and southern highbush blueberry cv. Emerald were examined to assess variation in cuticular wax and to functionally characterize candidate genes involved in \u03b2\u2010amyrin synthesis. The wax matrix of both types comprised fatty acids, alkanes, primary alcohols, ketones, esters, and triterpenes, with triterpenes constituting a major functional component. \u03b2\u2010amyrin was the predominant triterpenoid, accounting for 63.1% and 86.1% of total triterpenes in Titan and Emerald, respectively. A comprehensive analysis of \u03b2\u2010amyrin synthase genes (BASs) was conducted, and their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, and chromosomal localization were studied. RNA\u2010seq profiling identified\n                    <jats:italic>VaBAS355<\/jats:italic>\n                    as a key candidate gene, and its expression pattern and subcellular localization were subsequently evaluated. The heterologous and homologous transient expression of\n                    <jats:italic>VaBAS355<\/jats:italic>\n                    resulted in increased \u03b2\u2010amyrin accumulation in tobacco and blueberry. Taken together, our results provide a foundation for elucidating the functional roles of BASs and their regulatory mechanisms, especially in the processes of fruit development and resistance to environmental stresses.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.71116","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:51:24Z","timestamp":1790128284000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Functional Characterization of the \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene Contributing to Cuticular Wax Variation Between Two Blueberry Types"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Jia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Zhejiang A&amp;F University  Zhejiang Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiduo","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Zhejiang A&amp;F University  Zhejiang Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayuan","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Zhejiang A&amp;F University  Zhejiang Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kai","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Zhejiang A&amp;F University  Zhejiang Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3505-7539","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yunxiang","family":"Zang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Zhejiang A&amp;F University  Zhejiang Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3927-774X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Weiwei","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Zhejiang A&amp;F University  Zhejiang Hangzhou China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e17707","article-title":"A Newly Identified \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene Hypothetically Involved in Oleanane\u2010Saponin Biosynthesis From \n                     Talinum paniculatum\n                   (Jacq.) Gaertn","volume":"9","author":"Afffah I. Q.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2047","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.18863","article-title":"OeBAS and CYP716C67 Catalyze the Biosynthesis of Health\u2010Beneficial Triterpenoids in Olive (\n                     Olea europaea\n                  ) Fruits","volume":"238","author":"Alagna F.","year":"2023","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0283284","article-title":"Physiological Response of Anthocyanin Synthesis to Different Light Intensities in Blueberry","volume":"18","author":"An X.","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1279","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.13996","article-title":"Multifunctional Oxidosqualene Cyclases and Cytochrome P450 Involved in the Biosynthesis of Apple Fruit Triterpenic Acids","volume":"211","author":"Andre C. M.","year":"2016","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"issue":"24","key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules25245955","article-title":"Structural Studies of the Cutin From Two Apple Varieties: Golden Delicious and Red Delicious (\n                     Malus domestica\n                  )","volume":"25","author":"Arrieta\u2010Baez D.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Molecules"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1120","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.112.198473","article-title":"Composition and Physiological Function of the Wax Layers Coating Arabidopsis Leaves: \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Negatively Affects the Intracuticular Water Barrier","volume":"160","author":"Buschhaus C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plantsci.2008.04.004","article-title":"Molecular Characterization of \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase From \n                     Aster sedifolius\n                   L. and\u00a0Triterpenoid Saponin Analysis","volume":"175","author":"Cammareri M.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Science"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2024.12.001","article-title":"Natural Variation in an HD\u2010ZIP Factor Identifies Its Role in Controlling Apple Leaf Cuticular Wax Deposition","volume":"60","author":"Cao F.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Developmental Cell"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2022.132381","article-title":"Melatonin Affects Cuticular Wax Profile in Rabbiteye Blueberry (\n                     Vaccinium ashei\n                  ) During Fruit Development","volume":"384","author":"Cao Y.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2020.126903","article-title":"Cuticular Wax Composition Changes of 10 Apple Cultivars During Postharvest Storage","volume":"324","author":"Chai Y.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2021.104051","article-title":"A Comparative Analysis on the Anthocyanin Composition of 74 Blueberry Cultivars From China","volume":"102","author":"Chai Z.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Food Composition and Analysis"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"416","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2013.09.002","article-title":"Cloning and Characterization of the Gene Encoding b\u2010Amyrin Synthase in the Glycyrrhizic Acid Biosynthetic Pathway in Glycyrrhiza uralensis","volume":"3","author":"Chen H.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B"},{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2774","DOI":"10.1093\/bioinformatics\/bty1058","article-title":"MoMo: Discovery of Statistically Significant Post\u2010Translational Modification Motifs","volume":"35","author":"Cheng A.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Bioinformatics"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5769","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms24065769","article-title":"De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing of Codonopsis lanceolata for Identification of Triterpene Synthase and Triterpene Acetyltransferase","volume":"24","author":"Choi H. B.","year":"2023","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.788356","article-title":"Characterization of a Pentacyclic Triterpene Acetyltransferase Involved in the Biosynthesis of Taraxasterol and \u03c8\u2010Taraxasterol Acetates in Lettuce","volume":"12","author":"Choi H. S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2016.09.186","article-title":"Composition and Morphology of Cuticular Wax in Blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) Fruits","volume":"219","author":"Chu W.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-7652.2008.00385.x","article-title":"Enhanced Triterpene Saponin Biosynthesis and Root Nodulation in Transgenic Barrel Medic (\n                     Medicago truncatula\n                   Gaertn.) Expressing a Novel \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase (AsOXA1) Gene","volume":"7","author":"Confalonieri M.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnology Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhaf133","article-title":"Identification of 2,3\u2010Oxidosqualene Cyclase Gene in \n                     Eleutherococcus senticosus\n                   and Its Regulatory\u00a0Mechanism in Saponin Synthesis","volume":"12","author":"Cui Y.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Horticulture Research"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0231980","article-title":"A Systematic Comparison of Triterpenoid Biosynthetic Enzymes for the Production of Oleanolic Acid in \n                     Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"15","author":"Dale M. P.","year":"2020","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21249762","article-title":"Variations in Triterpenoid Deposition in Cuticular Waxes During Development and Maturation of Selected Fruits of Rosaceae Family","volume":"21","author":"Dashbaldan S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"International Journal of Molecular Sciences"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3126","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/eraa046","article-title":"Drought Stress Modulates Cuticular Wax Composition of the Grape Berry","volume":"71","author":"Dimopoulos N.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2016.03.006","article-title":"Melatonin Treatment Delays Postharvest Senescence and Regulates Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism in Peach Fruit","volume":"118","author":"Gao H.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Postharvest Biology and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1007\/s13258-015-0307-0","article-title":"Cloning and Analysis of b\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene in Bupleurum chinense","volume":"37","author":"Gao K.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Genes & Genomics"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1786","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-022-29460-9","article-title":"Radiationless Mechanism of UV Deactivation by\u00a0Cuticle Phenolics in Plants","volume":"13","author":"Gonz\u00e1lez Moreno A.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature Communications"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.4014\/jmb.2209.09040","article-title":"Antibacterial Mode of Action of \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Promotes Apoptosis\u2010Like Death in \n                     Escherichia coli\n                   by Producing Reactive Oxygen Species","volume":"32","author":"Han G.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"404","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcg054","article-title":"Up\u2010Regulation of Soyasaponin Biosynthesis by Methyl Jasmonate in Cultured Cells of \n                     Glycyrrhiza glabra","volume":"44","author":"Hayashi H.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant and Cell Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Prospects and Problems of Blueberry Growing in China","volume":"810","author":"He S.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Horticurae"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1813","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2020.12.017","article-title":"Ginsenosides in Panax Genus and Their Biosynthesis","volume":"11","author":"Hou M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sajb.2019.06.036","article-title":"Polymorphism of \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene (\u03b2\u2010AS) Influence the Accumulation of Triterpenes in Licorice","volume":"125","author":"Hu T.","year":"2019","journal-title":"South African Journal of Botany"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2023.112751","article-title":"Differential Changes in Cuticular Wax Affect the Susceptibility to Fruit Decay in Pitaya After Harvest: A Cultivar Comparative Study","volume":"210","author":"Huang H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Postharvest Biology and Technology"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/agriculture9120250","article-title":"Chemical Composition of the Cuticle Membrane of Pitaya Fruits (\n                     Hylocereus polyrhizus\n                  )","volume":"9","author":"Huang H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Agriculture"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24539","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.4c07127","article-title":"Comparative Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Accumulative Mechanism of Rubusoside in Chinese Sweet Tea","volume":"72","author":"Huang J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","article-title":"Comparison of Wax Structure and Composition of Plum Peel From Three Varieties","volume":"36","author":"Huang S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-025-06545-3","article-title":"Combined Analysis of lncRNAs and mRNAs Associated With Coloration and Wax Formation During \u2018Fumei\u2019 Apple Development","volume":"25","author":"Huo W.","year":"2025","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biology"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1006476123930","article-title":"Molecular Cloning and Expression in Yeast of 2,3\u2010Oxidosqualene\u2010Triterpenoid Cyclases From \n                     Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"45","author":"Husselstein\u2010Muller T.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Plant Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"731","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1022519709298","article-title":"Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Triterpene Synthases From \n                     Medicago truncatula\n                   and Lotus japonicus","volume":"51","author":"Iturbe\u2010Ormaetxe I.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Plant Molecular Biology"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"814","DOI":"10.1038\/s41594-020-0465-x","article-title":"Decoding mRNA Translatability and Stability From the 5\u2019 UTR","volume":"27","author":"Jia L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nature Structural & Molecular Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.130757","article-title":"Effects of Salicylic Acid Treatment on Fruit Quality and Wax Composition\u00a0of\u00a0Blueberry (\n                     Vaccinium virgatum\n                   Ait)","volume":"368","author":"Jiang B.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","first-page":"1214","article-title":"Cloning and Expression of \u03b2\u2010Geranethin Synthase and Squalene Synthase Genes in Quinoa","volume":"50","author":"Jiang X.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Solis"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2016.12.011","article-title":"\u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase (EsBAS) and \u03b2\u2010Amyrin 28\u2010Oxidase (CYP716A244) in Oleanane\u2010Type Triterpene Saponin Biosynthesis in \n                     Eleutherococcus senticosus","volume":"135","author":"Jo H. J.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2023.e23639","article-title":"Harnessing Postharvest Light Emitting Diode (LED) Technology of \n                     Centella asiatica\n                   (L.) Urb. to Improve Centelloside Content by Up\u2010Regulating Gene Expressions in the Triterpenoid Pathway","volume":"10","author":"Kamol P.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1038\/s41438-020-0329-x","article-title":"Whole\u2010Genome, Transcriptome, and Methylome Analyses Provide Insights Into the Evolution of Platycoside Biosynthesis in \n                     Platycodon grandiflorus\n                  , a Medicinal Plant","volume":"7","author":"Kim J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Horticulture Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae444","article-title":"The Complexity of Volatile Terpene Biosynthesis in Roses: Particular Insights Into \u03b2\u2010Citronellol Production","volume":"196","author":"Li H.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","article-title":"Melatonin Improves the Storage Quality of Rabbiteye Blueberry (\n                     Vaccinium ashei\n                  ) by Affecting Cuticular Wax Profile","volume":"21","author":"Li J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods11243972","article-title":"Melatonin Treatment Affects Wax Composition and Maintains Storage Quality in \u2018Kongxin\u2019 Plum (\n                     Prunus salicina\n                   L.) During Postharvest","volume":"11","author":"Lin X.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2239","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-012-1333-x","article-title":"A Comparison of the Ultrastructure and Composition of Fruits Cuticular Wax From the Wild\u2010Type \u2018Newhall\u2019 Navel Orange (\n                     Citrus sinensis\n                   [L.] Osbeck cv. Newhall) and Its Glossy Mutant","volume":"31","author":"Liu D. C.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Plant Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2023.113357","article-title":"Melatonin Treatment Delays the Softening of Blueberry Fruit by Modulating Cuticular Wax Metabolism and Reducing Cell Wall Degradation","volume":"173","author":"Liu R.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food Research International"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","article-title":"Three Differential Expression Analysis Methods for RNA Sequencing: Limma, EdgeR, DESeq2","volume":"175","author":"Liu S.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Journal of Visualized Experiments"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2022.12.028","article-title":"Multiomics Analysis Reveals the Mechanisms Underlying the Different Floral Colors and Fragrances of Rosa hybrida Cultivars","volume":"195","author":"Liu X.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1038\/srep33364","article-title":"An Intronless \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene Is More Efffcient in Oleanolic Acid Accumulation Than Its Paralog in Gentiana straminea","volume":"6","author":"Liu Y.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Scientific Reports"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"402","DOI":"10.1006\/meth.2001.1262","article-title":"Analysis of Relative Gene Expression Data Using Real\u2010Time Quantitative PCR and the 2(\u2010Delta Delta C(T))","volume":"25","author":"Livak K. J.","year":"2001","journal-title":"Methods"},{"issue":"42","key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23516","DOI":"10.1039\/C8RA03468K","article-title":"A Multifunctional Oxidosqualene Cyclase From Tripterygium regelii That Produces Both \u03b1\u2010 and \u03b2\u2010Amyrin","volume":"8","author":"Lu Y.","year":"2018","journal-title":"RSC Advances"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1316","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-024-2545-1","article-title":"Precision Regulation of Plant Aromatic Amino Acid Homeostasis","volume":"67","author":"Luo J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Science China Life Sciences"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1007\/s13562-022-00804-2","article-title":"Molecular Cloning, Functional Characterization and Expression of the \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene Involved in Saikosaponin Biosynthesis in Bupleurum chinense","volume":"32","author":"Mao Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2024.112891","article-title":"Transcriptome Reveals Insights Into the Regulatory Mechanism of Cuticular Wax Synthesis in Developing Apple Fruit","volume":"328","author":"Min D.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Scientia Horticulturae"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.114.134486","article-title":"OSC2 and CYP716A14v2 Catalyze the Biosynthesis of Triterpenoids for the Cuticle of Aerial Organs of \n                     Artemisia annua","volume":"27","author":"Moses T.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"issue":"23","key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Study of the Quality Attributes of Selected Blueberry (\n                     Vaccinium corymbosum\n                   L.) Varieties Grown Under Different Irrigation Regimes and Cultivation Systems","volume":"10","author":"Ordo'n~ez\u2010D\u00edaz J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Applied Sciences"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.4062\/biomolther.2019.024","article-title":"\u03b2\u2010Amyrin Ameliorates Alzheimer's Disease\u2010Like Aberrant Synaptic Plasticity in the Mouse Hippocampus","volume":"28","author":"Park H. J.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomolecules & Therapeutics"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"231","DOI":"10.3390\/plants13020231","article-title":"Identification and Functional Characterization of Oxidosqualene Cyclases From Medicinal Plant \n                     Hoodia gordonii","volume":"13","author":"Parveen I.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plants"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2007.01.008","article-title":"Composition of the Cuticle of Developing Sweet Cherry Fruit","volume":"68","author":"Peschel S.","year":"2007","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2377","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-018-3152-8","article-title":"Use of Emerging Technologies in the Extraction of Lupeol, \u03b1\u2010Amyrin and \u03b2\u2010Amyrin From Sea Grape (\n                     Coccoloba uvifera\n                   L.)","volume":"55","author":"Ramos\u2010Hern\u00e1ndez J. A.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal of Food Science and Technology"},{"issue":"21","key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5777","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.0c01445","article-title":"A Review of the Fruit Volatiles Found in Blueberry and Other Vaccinium Species","volume":"68","author":"Sater H. M.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11816-020-00656-z","article-title":"Regulation of Cuticular Wax Biosynthesis in Plants Under Abiotic Stress","volume":"15","author":"Shaheenuzzamn M.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Biotechnology Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2022.09.007","article-title":"Metabolomics\u2010Centered Mining of Plant Metabolic Diversity and Function: Past Decade and Future Perspectives","volume":"16","author":"Shen S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Molecular Plant"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.plaphy.2008.09.007","article-title":"Identification of a Product Specific \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase From \n                     Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"47","author":"Shibuya M.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Plant Physiology and Biochemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3320","DOI":"10.1007\/s00344-024-11347-2","article-title":"Deciphering the Complexity of Terpenoid Biosynthesis and Its Multi\u2010Level Regulatory Mechanism in Plants","volume":"43","author":"Singh S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Plant Growth Regulation"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-024-05327-7","article-title":"Cuticle Deposition Ceases During Strawberry Fruit Development","volume":"24","author":"Straube J.","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3390\/genes16010002","article-title":"Metabolomics and WGCNA Analyses Reveal the Underlying Mechanisms of Resistance to Botrytis cinerea in Hazelnut","volume":"16","author":"Sun J.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Genes"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1002\/2211-5463.12299","article-title":"\u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase From Conyza blinii Expressed in \n                     Saccharomyces cerevisiae","volume":"7","author":"Sun R.","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEBS Open Bio"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2149","DOI":"10.1007\/s11101-025-10191-w","article-title":"Scratching the Surface: The Diversity and Roles of Triterpenoids in Plant Cuticular Waxes","volume":"25","author":"Trivedi P.","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytochemistry Reviews"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodchem.2021.129517","article-title":"Analysis of Composition, Morphology, and Biosynthesis of Cuticular Wax in Wild Type Bilberry (\n                     Vaccinium myrtillus\n                   L.) and Its Glossy Mutant","volume":"354","author":"Trivedi P.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Food Chemistry"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1007\/s13580-017-0054-z","article-title":"Functional Characterization of the \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene Involved in Platycoside Biosynthesis in \n                     Platycodon grandiflorum","volume":"58","author":"Um Y.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Horticulture, Environment and Biotechnology"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"95","DOI":"10.21273\/JASHS.138.2.95","article-title":"Fruit Detachment in Rabbiteye Blueberry: Abscission and Physical Separation","volume":"138","author":"Vashisth T.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2023.1295186","article-title":"Integrated Metabolome and Transcriptome Analysis Identifies Candidate Genes Involved in Triterpenoid Saponin Biosynthesis in Leaves of \n                     Centella asiatica\n                   (L.) Urban","volume":"14","author":"Wan L.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/hr\/uhae243","article-title":"Saline\u2010Alkali Stress Affects the Accumulation of Proanthocyanidins and Sesquiterpenoids via the MYB5\u2010ANR\/TPS31 Cascades in the Rose Petals","volume":"11","author":"Wang Q.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Horticulture Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1589","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-023-03049-y","article-title":"Genome\u2010Wide Identification of GH9 Gene Family and the Assessment of Its Role During Fruit Abscission Zone Formation in \n                     Vaccinium ashei","volume":"42","author":"Wang Y.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2023.1257270","article-title":"Aztreonam Is a Novel Chemical Inducer That Promotes Agrobacteium Transformation and Lateral Root Development in Soybean","volume":"14","author":"Waqar Khan M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Frontiers in Microbiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2017.05.007","article-title":"Chemical Composition, Crystal Morphology and Key Gene Expression of Cuticular Waxes of Asian Pears at Harvest and After Storage","volume":"132","author":"Wu X.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Postharvest Biology and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.carbpol.2024.122352","article-title":"Citrus Oil Gland and Cuticular Wax Inspired Multifunctional Gelatin Film of OSA\u2010Starch Nanoparticles\u2010Based Nanoemulsions for Preserving Perishable Fruit","volume":"342","author":"Xie Y.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Carbohydrate Polymers"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2580","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiad643","article-title":"Oxidosqualene Cyclase 1 and 2 Influence Triterpene Biosynthesis and Defense in Nicotiana attenuate","volume":"194","author":"Yang C.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2021.111771","article-title":"QTL Analysis Reveals the Effect of CER1\u20101 and CER1\u20103 to Reduce Fruit Water Loss by Increasing Cuticular Wax Alkanes in Citrus Fruit","volume":"185","author":"Yang H.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Postharvest Biology and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1546","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiae366","article-title":"Light\u2010Responsive Transcription Factors VvHYH and VvGATA24 Mediate Wax Terpenoid Biosynthesis in \n                     Vitis vinifera","volume":"196","author":"Yang M.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phytochem.2012.05.002","article-title":"Functional Characterization of Amyrin Synthase Involved in Ursolic Acid Biosynthesis in \n                     Catharanthus roseus\n                   Leaf Epidermis","volume":"91","author":"Yu F.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Phytochemistry"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","first-page":"502","article-title":"Blueberry Research in the Southern Part of China","volume":"41","author":"Yu H.","year":"2019","journal-title":"HortScience"},{"issue":"19","key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","first-page":"5028","article-title":"Cloning and Bioinformatic Analysis of \u03b2\u2010AS Gene From \n                     Panax japonicus","volume":"51","author":"Yuan D.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"981","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2022.03.002","article-title":"Plant Metabolic Gene Clusters in the Multi\u2010Omics Era","volume":"27","author":"Zhan C.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Trends in Plant Science"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.6023\/A1108313","article-title":"Homologous Modeling of Ginseng \u03b2\u2010Senylon Synthetase and High\u2010Throughput Virtual Screening Inhibitors","volume":"70","author":"Zhan D.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Chimica Sinica"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2069","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20378","article-title":"Insertion of the \u03b2\u2010Ketoacyl\u2010CoA Synthase MdKCS2 Promoter Segment Causes Wax Biosynthesis Difference in Apple Peel","volume":"245","author":"Zhang L.","year":"2025","journal-title":"New Phytologist"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"953","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erab420","article-title":"CsMYB96 Confers Resistance to Water Loss in Citrus Fruit by Simultaneous Regulation of Water Transport and Wax Biosynthesis","volume":"73","author":"Zhang M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Journal of Experimental Botany"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1982","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.8b07183","article-title":"Oleanane\u2010Type Saponins Biosynthesis in Panax notoginseng via Transformation of \u03b2\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene From \n                     Panax japonicus","volume":"67","author":"Zhang X.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2020.01165","article-title":"Advances in Biosynthesis, Regulation, and Function of Apple Cuticular Wax","volume":"11","author":"Zhang Y. L.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Frontiers in Plant Science"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1307","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-015-1788-7","article-title":"Functional Analysis of Beta\u2010Amyrin Synthase Gene in Ginsenoside Biosynthesis by RNA Interference","volume":"34","author":"Zhao C.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Plant Cell Reports"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apsb.2016.06.012","article-title":"Cloning and Characterization of Squalene Synthase and Cycloartenol Synthase From Siraitia grosvenorii","volume":"7","author":"Zhao H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_95_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Ectopic Expression of an Apple ABCG Transporter Gene MdABCG25 Increases Plant Cuticle Wax Accumulation and Abiotic Stress Tolerance","volume":"3","author":"Zhou M. M.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Fruit Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scienta.2021.110325","article-title":"Abscisic Acid Accelerates Postharvest Blueberry Fruit Softening by Promoting Cell Wall Metabolism","volume":"288","author":"Zhou Q.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Scientia Horticulturae"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/foods12081717","article-title":"The Relationships Between Waxes and Storage Quality Indexes of Fruits of Three Plum Cultivars","volume":"12","author":"Zhu S. L.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Food"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.postharvbio.2023.112448","article-title":"Preharvest Glycerol Treatment Enhances Postharvest Storability of Orange Fruit by Affecting Cuticle Metabolism","volume":"204","author":"Zhu Z.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Postharvest Biology and Technology"}],"container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ppl.71116","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ppl.71116","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ppl.71116","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T01:51:38Z","timestamp":1790128298000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ppl.71116"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"references-count":97,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ppl.71116"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ppl.71116","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9317","1399-3054"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9317","type":"print"},{"value":"1399-3054","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-06-21","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-08","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-09-22","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e71116"}}