{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T02:02:40Z","timestamp":1789783360454,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2572025AW53"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2572025AW53"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Phloem is crucial for long\u2010distance transport, but its coordinated phenological, anatomical, and nonstructural carbohydrate (NSC) responses to environmental changes remain unclear. Along a 750\u20131150\u2009m elevational gradient on the Changbai Mountains of China, we monitored phloem growth, anatomy, and total NSC (soluble sugars and starch) in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Pinus koraiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic>Acer mono<\/jats:italic>\n                    during the 2024 growing season. Elevation delayed phloem formation and compressed the growing season in both species. However, the two wood types diverged in adaptive strategies.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>P. koraiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    employed an active structural compensation under cold stress: thickened sieve cell walls to resist freeze\u2013thaw, enlarged axial parenchyma for enhanced storage, and increased sieve cell density to compensate for reduced lumen area, while operating under a sink limitation regime where low temperatures suppress growth and surplus carbon is channeled into starch. By contrast,\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. mono<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    adopted a conservative anatomical response: sieve tube dimensions and wall thickness remained stable across elevations, while lignified fibers increased at mid elevation to maintain structural integrity, with phloem growth governed by developmental duration under a more source\u2013sink balanced dynamic. Elevational stress tightened the functional coupling between phloem structure and NSC storage in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>P. koraiensis<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , whereas structural and carbon dynamics remained decoupled in\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>A. mono<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    . Thus, conifer and angiosperm phloems respond to elevational stress through different coordination regimes\u2014coupling in gymnosperms versus decoupling in angiosperms\u2014which challenges the view of a uniform phloem response and provides a mechanistic framework for understanding wood\u2010type\u2010specific carbon allocation under cold stress.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.71121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T01:17:28Z","timestamp":1789780648000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Elevation\u2010Driven Adaptive Shifts in Phloem Anatomy and Non\u2010Structural Carbohydrates: Differential Responses of\n                    <i>Pinus koraiensis<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Acer mono<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-7317-1662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kexin","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management (Ministry of Education), School of Ecology Northeast Forestry University  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiangyi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management (Ministry of Education), School of Ecology Northeast Forestry University  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-7773-8543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxin","family":"Bai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management (Ministry of Education), School of Ecology Northeast Forestry University  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guanhua","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences  Shenyang China"},{"name":"Changbai Mountains Nature Conservation Management Center  Antu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8897-5077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaochun","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management (Ministry of Education), School of Ecology Northeast Forestry University  Harbin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2517\u20106161.1995.tb02031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aob\/mcag023"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/gcb.16573"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/44.10.1627"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.envexpbot.2022.104985"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/plb.12191"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpy070"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/treephys\/tpae063"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3354\/cr008001"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.44.6.546"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/0470047380","volume-title":"Esau's Plant Anatomy: Meristems, Cells, and Tissues of the Plant Body: Their Structure, Function, and Development","author":"Evert R. 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