{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:55:53Z","timestamp":1790664953144,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790553600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":27,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788220800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2025QC149"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2025QC149"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007129","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ZR2024MC177"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ZR2024MC177"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007129","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Physiologia Plantarum"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Root\u2010knot nematode causes severe yield losses in cucumber and other cucurbits. The wild relative\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>Cucumis metuliferus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    exhibits strong resistance, but the metabolic basis of this resistance and the potential of resistance\u2010associated metabolites to protect susceptible crops remains poorly understood. Here, we compared host status, phenolic content, and untargeted metabolomes of roots and rhizosphere soils of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. metuliferus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. sativus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    upon\n                    <jats:italic>Meloidogyne incognita<\/jats:italic>\n                    infection.\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. metuliferus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    showed delayed nematode development, fewer galls, and a lower reproduction factor compared with\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. sativus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , accompanied by higher constitutive phenolic levels in mock\u2010inoculated plants and phenolic levels at 7, 14, 21, and 28\u2009days after inoculation. Untargeted metabolomics revealed that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. metuliferus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    underwent more extensive metabolic reprogramming than\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. sativus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , with 72 root\u2010specific and 45 rhizosphere\u2010specific differential metabolites enriched mainly in linolenic acid metabolism and dominated by lipids and organic acids. Six\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. metuliferus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010specific up\u2010regulated metabolites (arginine, phenylacetic acid, proline, hydroxyproline, malic acid, maleic acid) were selected for functional validation. When exogenously applied to\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. sativus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    seedlings under nematode stress, these metabolites were associated with enhanced shoot growth and biomass accumulation. Among them, arginine, hydroxyproline, and maleic acid were consistently associated with reduced root gall formation. Our findings demonstrate that\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>C. metuliferus<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    mounts a resistance phenotype through extensive root and rhizosphere metabolic reprogramming, and that specific up\u2010regulated metabolites from this resistant species can both promote cucumber growth and reduce\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                      <jats:italic>M. incognita<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:styled-content>\n                    infection. These metabolites represent promising candidates but require further field validation and formulation studies before being developed into sustainable nematode management strategies.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ppl.71135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T06:00:25Z","timestamp":1790661625000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Metabolic Reprogramming in\n                    <i>Cucumis metuliferus<\/i>\n                    Roots and Rhizosphere Identifies Candidate Metabolites That Reduce\n                    <i>Meloidogyne incognita<\/i>\n                    Infection"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"178","author":[{"given":"Xin","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jisong","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science  Yinchuan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zongqing","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinzhe","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shunyi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuhong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guifang","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5143-9812","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jingjing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4040-2461","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Life Science, Linyi University  Linyi China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.heliyon.2024.e25325","article-title":"Revolutionizing Nematode Management to Achieve Global Food Security Goals\u2010An Overview","volume":"10","author":"Afzal A.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Heliyon"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2007.102","article-title":"Estimation of Total Phenolic Content and Other Oxidation Substrates in Plant Tissues Using Folin\u2010Ciocalteu Reagent","volume":"2","author":"Ainsworth E. 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Under Sub\u2010Optimal Temperature Conditions","volume":"72","author":"Sayadi R.","year":"2025","journal-title":"Russian Journal of Plant Physiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1186\/s12870-021-02998-4","article-title":"Combining Targeted Metabolite Analyses and Transcriptomics to Reveal the Specific Chemical Composition and Associated Genes in the Incompatible Soybean Variety PI437654 Infected With Soybean Cyst Nematode HG1.2.3.5.7","volume":"21","author":"Shi X.","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Plant Biology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev-phyto-020620-102355","article-title":"Recognition and Response in Plant\u2013Nematode Interactions","volume":"60","author":"Siddique S.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Annual Review of Phytopathology"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01792","article-title":"Impacts of Root Metabolites on Soil Nematodes","volume":"10","author":"Sikder M. 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