{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T09:02:34Z","timestamp":1782982954640,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":185,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]],"date-time":"2014-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1407974400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Periodontology 2000"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The introduction of immediate loading was a paradigm shift in implant dentistry as it was previously believed that an unloaded period was essential for bone healing in order to promote osseointegration. However, this belief could not be confirmed by clinical studies or by human histology. Hitherto, numerous reports have been published on immediate loading in various indications. An important factor for success is primary implant stability. The latter can be improved by adapting drilling protocols to enhance lateral compression of the bone and by using tapered implant designs with apical thread fixation. To some extent, the use of implants with a microrough surface and rigid splinting may compensate for suboptimal stability. It is important to avoid fracture of the provisional restoration at all times as this may result in local overloading and implant failure. Also, unevenly distributed occlusal contacts may contribute to failure and therefore occlusion ought to be evaluated at every occasion, especially during the early phase of healing. Taking these aspects into account, immediate loading in the fully edentulous mandible by means of an overdenture has been shown to be predictable in terms of implant survival (94.4\u2013100%). However, the procedure may result in additional costs as a result of the need for repeated relining. In addition, the scientific basis for this treatment concept in the maxilla is very scarce. Immediate loading in the fully edentulous jaw by means of a fixed prosthesis is a well\u2010documented treatment concept. In the mandible, three implants have been shown to be insufficient, given the failure rate of up to 10%. With at least four implants a failure rate of 0\u20133.3% may be expected. In the maxilla, four to six implants could be too limited, given the failure rate up to 7.2%. Increasing the number of implants may reduce implant failure to 3.3%. Provisional fixed prostheses are particularly prone to fracture in the maxilla and hence reinforcement is warranted. Immediately loaded single implants have lower survival rates, of 85.7\u2013100%, with no clear impact of occlusal contact. In fact, a meta\u2010analysis demonstrated a five times higher risk of failure for immediately loaded single implants when compared with delayed loading. No study showed superior soft\u2010tissue preservation or esthetics following immediate loading of single implants compared with other loading protocols. However, this finding may not imply that a provisional implant crown becomes redundant when soft\u2010tissue conditioning is deemed necessary. Taking into account earlier factors for success, immediate loading in the partially edentulous jaw by means of a fixed prosthesis seems predictable in terms of implant survival (95.5\u2013100%). However, there are no studies with data on soft\u2010tissue parameters, esthetic aspects or patient\u2010centered outcomes, and the available studies mainly relate to the load\u2010carrying part of the dentition. Clinical studies focusing on these aspects of treatment outcome are clearly needed. High patient satisfaction is the most important advantage of immediate loading, especially during the early healing phase. In this context, one should also realize that studies have revealed comparable patient satisfaction in patients following delayed loading once their prosthesis is in place. In the decision\u2010making process, this aspect should be properly discussed with the patient along with other advantages and disadvantages of immediate loading.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12040","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]],"date-time":"2014-08-14T13:03:29Z","timestamp":1408021409000},"page":"153-187","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":111,"title":["Immediate loading in partially and completely edentulous jaws: a review of the literature with clinical guidelines"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Hugo","family":"De Bruyn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefanie","family":"Raes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P\u00e4r\u2010Olov","family":"\u00d6stman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Cosyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2005.tb00041.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"61","article-title":"Immediate loading of single\u2010tooth implants in the posterior region","volume":"20","author":"Abboud M","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0300-9785(81)80077-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","first-page":"285","article-title":"Immediate loading of full\u2010arch fixed prostheses supported by axial and tilted implants for the treatment of edentulous atrophic mandibles","volume":"41","author":"Agliardi E","year":"2010","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01852.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","first-page":"368","article-title":"Five\u2010year clinical results of immediately loaded dental implants using mandibular overdentures","volume":"22","author":"Alfadda SA","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2003.140206.x"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","first-page":"e28","article-title":"Loading protocols for mandibular implant overdentures: a systematic review with meta\u2010analysis","volume":"12","author":"Alsabeeha N","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin Implant Dent Relat Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"378","article-title":"Immediate loading with single implant crowns: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"22","author":"Atieh MA","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"401","article-title":"Immediate placement or immediate restoration\/loading of single implants for molar tooth replacement: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"25","author":"Atieh MA","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"463","article-title":"Immediate loading of implants with mandibular overdentures: one\u2010year clinical results of a prospective study","volume":"18","author":"Attard NJ","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"A prospective study on immediate loading of implants with mandibular overdentures: patient\u2010mediated and economic outcomes","volume":"19","author":"Attard NJ","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0278-2391(86)90078-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/AAID-JOI-D-10-00133"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/1548-1336(2001)027<0032:MIIWTA>2.3.CO;2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.8.920"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","first-page":"663","article-title":"Stress patterns around distal angled implants in the all\u2010on\u2010four concept configuration","volume":"24","author":"Begg T","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080435"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2008.00094.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2009.00157.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"534","article-title":"Mandibular overdentures with immediate loading: satisfaction and quality of life","volume":"24","author":"Borges Tde F","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02844316909036699"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.1999.tb00086.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Osseointegrated implants in the treatment of the edentulous jaw. Experience from a 10\u2010year period","volume":"16","author":"Branemark PI","year":"1977","journal-title":"Scand J Plast Reconstr Surg Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/154405910308200316"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2011.00367.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","first-page":"77","article-title":"Avoid pitfalls of overloading and micromotion of intraosseous implants","volume":"4","author":"Brunski JB","year":"1993","journal-title":"Dent Implantol Update"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","first-page":"165","article-title":"The treatment of partially edentulous patients with ITI hollow\u2010screw implants: presurgical evaluation and surgical procedures","volume":"5","author":"Buser D","year":"1990","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Flapless versus open flap implant surgery in partially edentulous patients subjected to immediate loading: 1\u2010year results from a split\u2010mouth randomised controlled trial","volume":"4","author":"Cannizzaro G","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","first-page":"33","article-title":"Immediate versus early loading of two implants placed with a flapless technique supporting mandibular bar\u2010retained overdentures: a single\u2010blinded, randomised controlled clinical trial","volume":"1","author":"Cannizzaro G","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","first-page":"267","article-title":"Immediate loading of single\u2010tooth implants: immediate versus non\u2010immediate implantation. A clinical report","volume":"16","author":"Chaushu G","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00182.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","first-page":"537","article-title":"Implant\u2010retained mandibular overdentures with Branemark System MKII implants: a prospective comparative study between delayed and immediate loading","volume":"16","author":"Chiapasco M","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00179.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.1997.tb00007.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1998.090209.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2002.tb00163.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2008.01586.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.02077.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00008505-200101000-00008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mpr.2000.111966"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","first-page":"1222","article-title":"Comparison of radiographic and clinical outcomes following immediate provisionalization of single\u2010tooth dental implants placed in healed alveolar ridges and extraction sockets","volume":"25","author":"Cooper LF","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","first-page":"855","article-title":"Immediate restoration of single\u2010tooth implants in mandibular molar sites: a 12\u2010month preliminary report","volume":"19","author":"Cornelini R","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2010.00275.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"The use of transitional implants to support provisional prostheses during the healing phase: a literature review","volume":"42","author":"de Almeida EO","year":"2011","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/SCS.0b013e3181f4b1a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2008.00103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2002.tb00164.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2001.tb00139.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2008.01533.x-i2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","first-page":"415","article-title":"Comparison of three\u2010implant\u2010supported fixed dentures and two\u2010implant\u2010retained overdentures in the edentulous mandible: a pilot study of treatment efficacy and patient satisfaction","volume":"26","author":"De Kok IJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2008.01674.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01910.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","first-page":"1175","article-title":"Immediate loading of the edentulous maxilla with a definitive restoration supported by an intraorally welded titanium bar and tilted implants","volume":"25","author":"Degidi M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.080141"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.080649"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090153"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.6.1016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijom.2007.05.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_1","first-page":"896","article-title":"Bone formation around immediately loaded and submerged dental implants with a modified sandblasted and acid\u2010etched surface after 4 and 8 weeks: a human histologic and histomorphometric analysis","volume":"24","author":"Degidi M","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00199.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/0695.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01650.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/765.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2009.01741.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2008.00124.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-849X.2009.00453.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2008.01552.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2000.011005465.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_72_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Immediate loading of dental implants in the edentulous maxilla","volume":"42","author":"Eccellente T","year":"2011","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_73_1","first-page":"489","article-title":"A new treatment concept for immediate loading of implants inserted in the edentulous mandible","volume":"41","author":"Eccellente T","year":"2010","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00176.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_75_1","first-page":"9","article-title":"Early functional loading using Branemark dental implants","volume":"22","author":"Ericsson I","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2000.011001026.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1994.050310.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2000.tb00108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1997.080509.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_80_1","first-page":"356","article-title":"Patient satisfaction following dental implant treatment with immediate loading in the edentulous atrophic maxilla","volume":"26","author":"Erkapers M","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_81_1","first-page":"189","article-title":"Timing of implant placement after tooth extraction: immediate, immediate\u2010delayed or delayed implants? A Cochrane systematic review","volume":"3","author":"Esposito M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_82_1","first-page":"245","article-title":"Three\u2010year data from a randomized, controlled study of early loading of single\u2010stage dental implants supporting maxillary full\u2010arch prostheses","volume":"21","author":"Fischer K","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2008.00090.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2006.00017.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_85_1","first-page":"631","article-title":"A 36\u2010month randomized controlled split\u2010mouth trial comparing immediately loaded titanium oxide\u2010anodized and machined implants supporting fixed partial dentures in the posterior mandible","volume":"26","author":"Fung K","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_87_1","first-page":"418","article-title":"Immediate loading of implants with fixed restorations in the completely edentulous mandible: report of 27 patients from a private practice","volume":"16","author":"Ganeles J","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_88_1","first-page":"92","article-title":"Early and immediately restored and loaded dental implants for single\u2010tooth and partial\u2010arch applications","volume":"19","author":"Ganeles J","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2003.00950.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_90_1","first-page":"383","article-title":"Implant\u2010retained mandibular overdentures with immediate loading: a prospective study of ITI implants","volume":"15","author":"Gatti C","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358408993880"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00016358408993877"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2006.01355.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2010.00317.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01471.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2007.00029.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2010.02166.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00195.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_99_1","first-page":"1011","article-title":"Immediate loading of fixed provisional prostheses using four implants for the rehabilitation of the edentulous arch: a prospective clinical study","volume":"25","author":"Hinze M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_100_1","first-page":"824","article-title":"Immediate loading of Branemark system implants following placement in edentulous patients: a clinical report","volume":"15","author":"Horiuchi K","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.11.1972"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.id.0000234644.23432.19"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_103_1","first-page":"326","article-title":"Regeneration of gingival papillae after single\u2010implant treatment","volume":"17","author":"Jemt T","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_104_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"Restoring the gingival contour by means of provisional resin crowns after single\u2010implant treatment","volume":"19","author":"Jemt T","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01376.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_106_1","first-page":"711","article-title":"Development of gingival esthetics in the edentulous patient with immediately loaded, single\u2010stage, implant\u2010supported fixed prostheses: a clinical report","volume":"15","author":"Kinsel RP","year":"2000","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_107_1","first-page":"823","article-title":"Retrospective analysis of 56 edentulous dental arches restored with 344 single\u2010stage implants using an immediate loading fixed provisional protocol: statistical predictors of implant failure","volume":"22","author":"Kinsel RP","year":"2007","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_108_1","first-page":"615","article-title":"A new device in immediately loaded implant treatment in the edentulous mandible","volume":"21","author":"Klee de Vasconcellos D","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_109_1","first-page":"607","article-title":"Biomechanical optimization of implant diameter and length for immediate loading: a nonlinear finite element analysis","volume":"22","author":"Kong L","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_110_1","first-page":"181","article-title":"A prospective randomized study on the immediate loading of mandibular overdentures supported by one or two implants: a 12\u2010month follow\u2010up report","volume":"25","author":"Kronstrom M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2009.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_112_1","first-page":"784","article-title":"Immediate loading of two freestanding implants retaining a mandibular overdenture: 1\u2010year pilot prospective study","volume":"25","author":"Liao KY","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(07)60016-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_114_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Macroscopic and microscopic studies of endosteal bladevent implants (six month dog study)","volume":"3","author":"Linkow LI","year":"1973","journal-title":"Oral Implantol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/0683.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_116_1","first-page":"117","article-title":"Marginal bone loss with mandibular two\u2010implant overdentures using different loading protocols: a systematic literature review","volume":"23","author":"Ma S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.2011.0170"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_118_1","first-page":"227","article-title":"The rehabilitation of completely edentulous maxillae with different degrees of resorption with four or more immediately loaded implants: a 5\u2010year retrospective study and a new classification","volume":"4","author":"Malo P","year":"2011","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2000.tb00004.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2005.tb00080.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_121_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00010.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_122_1","first-page":"E165","article-title":"Evaluation of 80 implants subjected to immediate loading in edentulous mandibles after two years of follow\u2010up","volume":"11","author":"Martinez\u2010Gonzalez JM","year":"2006","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2007.00051.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2005.01128.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/ID.0b013e3181b4b45b"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.id.0000140461.25451.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.id.0000148556.73137.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01305.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_129_1","first-page":"481","article-title":"In vivo forces on implants influenced by occlusal scheme and food consistency","volume":"16","author":"Morneburg TR","year":"2003","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_130_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Immediate restoration and loading of dental implants: clinical considerations and protocols","volume":"19","author":"Morton D","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01459.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_132_1","first-page":"116","article-title":"Immediate loading of 190 endosseous dental implants: a prospective observational study of 40 patient treatments with up to 2\u2010year data","volume":"19","author":"Nikellis I","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.id.0000202415.74206.79"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2007.00244.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2005.tb00076.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_136_1","first-page":"315","article-title":"Immediate occlusal loading of implants in the partially edentate mandible: a prospective 1\u2010year radiographic and 4\u2010year clinical study","volume":"23","author":"Ostman PO","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2007.00069.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_138_1","first-page":"769","article-title":"Correlation between placement torque and survival of single\u2010tooth implants","volume":"20","author":"Ottoni JM","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.6.591"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090227"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_141_1","first-page":"567","article-title":"Effects of immediate loading with threaded hydroxyapatite\u2010coated root\u2010form implants on single premolar replacements: a preliminary report","volume":"17","author":"Proussaefs P","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.prosdent.2003.12.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02178.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01687.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1999.100102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_146_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Forces and moments on Branemark implants","volume":"4","author":"Rangert B","year":"1989","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_147_1","first-page":"416","article-title":"Design, maintenance and biomechanical considerations in implant placement","volume":"24","author":"Rangert B","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dent Update"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(07)60003-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2003.tb00016.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_150_1","first-page":"593","article-title":"Treatment concept of the edentulous mandible with prefabricated telescopic abutments and immediate functional loading","volume":"26","author":"Romanos GE","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_151_1","first-page":"1106","article-title":"Immediate functional loading in the maxilla using implants with platform switching: five\u2010year results","volume":"24","author":"Romanos GE","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_152_1","first-page":"459","article-title":"Immediate versus delayed functional loading of implants in the posterior mandible: a 2\u2010year prospective clinical study of 12 consecutive cases","volume":"26","author":"Romanos GE","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.11.1823"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2002.130508.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joms.2005.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_156_1","first-page":"474","article-title":"Replacement of mandibular molars with single\u2010unit restorations supported by wide\u2010body implants: immediate versus delayed loading. A randomized controlled study","volume":"23","author":"Schincaglia GP","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_157_1","first-page":"881","article-title":"For your patients receiving endosseous implants for immediate loading, how are the implant\u2010supported crowns or prostheses initially put into occlusal function, and what instructions are given for their use?","volume":"17","author":"Schneider RL","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_158_1","first-page":"850","article-title":"To immediately load, expose, or submerge in partial edentulism: a study of primary stability and treatment outcome","volume":"26","author":"Schnitman PA","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/0.926.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_160_1","first-page":"839","article-title":"Removal torque of immediately loaded transitional endosseous implants in human subjects","volume":"17","author":"Simon H","year":"2002","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(07)60017-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_162_1","first-page":"868","article-title":"Immediate loading of 2 interforaminal dental implants supporting an overdenture: clinical and radiographic results after 24 months","volume":"19","author":"Stricker A","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_163_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"Implant\u2010prosthetic rehabilitation of the edentulous maxilla and mandible with immediately loaded implants: preliminary data from a retrospective study, considering time of implantation","volume":"26","author":"Strietzel FP","year":"2011","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.01956.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2000.011001012.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4636(199822)43:2<192::AID-JBM14>3.0.CO;2-K"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_167_1","first-page":"319","article-title":"Immediate loading of threaded implants at stage 1 surgery in edentulous arches: ten consecutive case reports with 1\u2010 to 5\u2010year data","volume":"12","author":"Tarnow DP","year":"1997","journal-title":"Int J Oral Maxillofac Implants"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3913(08)60082-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01472.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1563\/0678.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2004.01013.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_172_1","first-page":"451","article-title":"Immediate loading of Osseotite implants: a case report and histologic analysis after 4 months of occlusal loading","volume":"21","author":"Testori T","year":"2001","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2006.01261.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_174_1","first-page":"515","article-title":"A short\u2010term clinical trial on selected outcomes for immediately loaded implant\u2010supported mandibular overdentures","volume":"19","author":"Turkyilmaz I","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int J Prosthodont"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01340.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2010.01924.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2842.2011.02282.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2005.tb00083.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2004.01069.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2011.00391.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_181_1","first-page":"501","article-title":"Immediate loading of mandibular implants in compromised patients: preliminary results","volume":"25","author":"Weischer T","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_182_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2007.01370.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1708-8208.2007.00082.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3913(90)90237-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3913(90)90153-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3913(90)90177-E"}],"container-title":["Periodontology 2000"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fprd.12040","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/prd.12040","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T19:13:59Z","timestamp":1696014839000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/prd.12040"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]]},"references-count":185,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/prd.12040"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/prd.12040","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0906-6713","1600-0757"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0906-6713","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0757","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,8,14]]}}}