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In this review, the relationship between the microbiome and the inflammatory\/immune response is explored in the context of a bi\u2010directional pathogenesis; bacteria induce inflammation and inflammation modifies the growth environment causing shifts in the composition of the microbiome. Resolution of inflammation is an active, receptor\u2010mediated process induced by specialized pro\u2010resolving lipid mediators. Inflammatory disease may, therefore, be the result of failure of resolution. Failure to resolve inflammation coupled with resultant microbiome changes is hypothesized to drive development of periodontitis. Re\u2010establishment of microbiome\/host homeostasis by specialized pro\u2010resolving lipid mediator therapy suggests that microbiome dysbiosis, the host hyperinflammatory phenotype, and periodontitis can be reversed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,18]],"date-time":"2019-12-18T05:57:25Z","timestamp":1576648645000},"page":"205-213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":144,"title":["Understanding resolution of inflammation in periodontal diseases: Is chronic inflammatory periodontitis a failure to resolve?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Thomas E.","family":"Van Dyke","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forsyth Institute Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Harvard School of Dental Medicine Boston Massachusetts 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