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Cellular immunity against herpesviruses and humoral immunity against bacteria are key periodontal host defenses. Genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors are modifiers of periodontal disease severity. MicroRNAs are a class of noncoding, gene expression\u2010based, posttranscriptional regulatory RNAs of great importance for maintaining tissue homeostasis. Aberrant expression of microRNAs has been associated with several medical diseases. Periodontal tissue cells and herpesviruses elaborate several microRNAs that are of current research interest. This review attempts to conceptualize the role of periodontal microRNAs in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. The diagnostic potential of salivary microRNAs is also addressed. Employment of microRNA technology in periodontics represents an interesting new preventive and therapeutic possibility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12404","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T15:39:40Z","timestamp":1630424380000},"page":"325-339","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Human and herpesvirus microRNAs in periodontal disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Afsar R.","family":"Naqvi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Mucosal Immunology Laboratory College of Dentistry University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J\u00f8rgen","family":"Slots","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology University of Southern California School of Dentistry Los Angeles California 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