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Scientific evidence pointed out that primary diagnostic tools (chairside) seem to be highly specific, while their sensitivity is lower compared with their use in monitoring periodontal stability. Nonetheless, given the association between pocket depth at teeth and implant sites and the aerobic\/anaerobic nature of the microbiome, it seems plausible for pocket probing depth to be indicative of disease progression or tissue stability. In addition, understanding the inflammatory nature of peri\u2010implant diseases, it seems reasonable to advocate that bleeding, erythema, ulceration, and suppuration might be reliable indicators of pathology. Nevertheless, single spots of bleeding on probing may not reflect peri\u2010implant disease, since implants are prone to exhibit bleeding related to probing force. On the other side, bleeding in smokers lacks sensitivity owing to the decreased angiogenic activity. Hence, the use of dichotomous scales on bleeding in the general population, in contrast to indices that feature profuseness and time after probing, might lead to false positive diagnoses. The definitive distinction between peri\u2010implant mucositis and peri\u2010implantitis, though, relies upon the radiographic evidence of progressive bone loss that can be assessed by means of two\u2010 and three\u2010dimensional methods. Accordingly, the objective of this review is to evaluate the existing clinical and radiographic parameters\/methods to monitor peri\u2010implant conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T23:46:32Z","timestamp":1719272792000},"page":"20-39","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Diagnostic methods\/parameters to monitor peri\u2010implant conditions"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8292-1927","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alberto","family":"Monje","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology and Oral Medicine University of Michigan  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology Universitat Internacional de Catalunya  Barcelona Spain"},{"name":"Department of Periodontology University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni E.","family":"Salvi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology University of Bern  Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-008-0596-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2010.01.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.250476497"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.16-0488"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2011.02220.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01819.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2100920046"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034514551754"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01672.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.2.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.300103.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8081123"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2002.130601.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.17-0739"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_1","first-page":"203","article-title":"Measures of diagnostic accuracy: basic definitions","volume":"19","author":"Simundic AM","year":"2009","journal-title":"EJIFCC"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.16-0424"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.16-0350"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2001.120603.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8020279"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13541"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cid.13161"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.13539"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2004.01019.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1993.tb00706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.1994.050401.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0501.2002.130201.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0501.2006.01235.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/clr.12669"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jerd.13003"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_31_1","first-page":"385","article-title":"Significance of probing for monitoring peri\u2010implant diseases","volume":"14","author":"Monje A","year":"2021","journal-title":"Int J Oral Implantol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-302X.1987.tb00298.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1981.52.5.260"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11607\/jomi.4932"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_35_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"A modified gingival index for use in clinical trials","volume":"8","author":"Lobene RR","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Prev Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_36_1","first-page":"94","article-title":"The longitudinal effectiveness of osseointegrated dental implants. 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