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Scientists and healthcare practitioners can now leverage information on genetic variation and gene expression at the tissue or even individual cell level, and an enormous potential exists to refine diagnostic categories, assess risk in unaffected individuals, and optimize disease management among those affected. This review investigates the progress made in the domains of molecular medicine and genomics as they relate to periodontology. The review summarizes the current evidence of association between genomics and periodontal diseases, including the current state of knowledge that approximately a third of the population variance of periodontitis may be attributable to genetic variation and the management of several monogenic forms of the disease can be augmented by knowledge of the underlying genetic cause. Finally, the paper discusses the potential utility of polygenic risk scores and genetic testing for periodontitis diagnosis now and in the future, in light of applications that currently exist in other areas of medicine and healthcare.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12587","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,29]],"date-time":"2024-07-29T06:03:43Z","timestamp":1722233023000},"page":"194-202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The promise and challenges of genomics\u2010informed periodontal disease diagnoses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7750-5010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Nibali","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Periodontology Unit, Centre for Host Microbiome Interactions, Faculty of Dentistry, Oral &amp; Craniofacial Sciences King's College London  London 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