{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:11:44Z","timestamp":1791389504950,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":114,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757462400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Periodontology 2000"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Furcation involvement (FI) in multi\u2010rooted teeth poses significant challenges in periodontal therapy due to complex anatomy and difficulty in achieving effective maintenance. FI is associated with increased periodontal destruction, especially in sites with narrow furcation entrances and deep root concavities. These features hinder effective debridement and compromise the efficacy of periodontal treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This narrative review examines non\u2010regenerative treatment approaches for managing FI, focusing on clinical outcomes and failure rates associated with flap procedures, biologic root reshaping, root amputation, root separation, and root tunneling.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Non\u2010regenerative procedures show variable outcomes. Reported failure rates include 20.1% for root amputation (range: 0%\u201361.1%), 18.8% for root separation (range: 2.9%\u201338%), and 20.9% for root tunneling (range: 7.1%\u201342.9%). These variations are influenced by factors such as FI severity, root morphology, and patient hygiene.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Effective management of FI requires accurate diagnosis, appropriate treatment selection, and individualized maintenance protocols. Long\u2010term success is closely tied to case selection and the patient's commitment to ongoing periodontal maintenance care.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical Relevance<\/jats:title><jats:p>Understanding the therapeutic prognosis and limitations of non\u2010regenerative approaches in FI cases is essential for optimizing long\u2010term treatment outcomes. Clinicians should emphasize maintenance strategies and consider anatomical challenges when selecting treatment modalities.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.70007","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T07:26:15Z","timestamp":1757489175000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Long\u2010term stability of conventional non\u2010regenerative periodontal treatment for furcation defects"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1290-9994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guo\u2010Hao","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"},{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"},{"name":"College of Dentistry National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University  Taipei Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"April","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kang\u2010Wei","family":"Tu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics Chi Mei Medical Center  Tainan Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orofacial Sciences, School of Dentistry University of California, San Francisco  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4238-1799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hom\u2010Lay","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine University of Michigan School of Dentistry  Ann Arbor Michigan USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_15_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.1996.tb01809.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1979.50.1.23"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14219\/jada.archive.1980.0372"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2000.2220110.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13181"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.1987.tb00972.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1985.56.11.666"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1979.50.7.366"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1985.56.4.234"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1985.56.1.39"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345580370011001"},{"key":"e_1_2_15_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.1982.tb02050.x"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_15_14_1","first-page":"479","article-title":"Furcation invasions: correlating a classification system with therapeutic considerations. 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