{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T22:11:31Z","timestamp":1792793491799,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":268,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]],"date-time":"2025-09-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757635200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021\/14439\u20100"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/14439\u20100"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Periodontology 2000"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the supporting structures of the teeth. Although initiated by dysbiotic microbial communities, its progression is largely driven by the host's uncontrolled inflammatory response. While antibiotics have conventionally been employed in periodontitis therapy for their antimicrobial efficacy, emerging evidence suggests that certain antibiotics possess significant immune\u2010modulatory properties independent of their bactericidal or bacteriostatic effects. This review explores the multifaceted immunomodulatory mechanisms by which various classes of antibiotics influence host immune cells and inflammatory pathways relevant to periodontal pathogenesis. Antibiotics were found to influence innate (e.g., pattern recognition receptors, neutrophils, macrophages, epithelial barriers, cytokine production) and acquired immunity (e.g., T and B cells). Additionally, they impact key osteoimmunology components, including interactions between immune and bone cells, the RANKL\/osteoprotegerin pathway, and matrix metalloproteinase activity. Understanding the immunomodulatory actions of antibiotics enhances our understanding of their therapeutic potential in managing chronic inflammatory diseases, such as periodontitis. These properties may support inflammation resolution, immune regulation, and tissue repair, offering promising directions for future research and clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.70011","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,13]],"date-time":"2025-09-13T06:48:33Z","timestamp":1757746113000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Antibiotic\u2010mediated immune modulation in periodontitis"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2696-3051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lina J.","family":"Su\u00e1rez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division Guarulhos University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias B\u00e1sicas y Medicina Oral Universidad Nacional de Colombia  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"},{"name":"Departamento del Sistema Periodontal Pontificia Universidad Javeriana  Bogot\u00e1 Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4721-4722","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"R. M.","family":"Arce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontics and Dental Hygiene, School of Dentistry University of Texas School of Dentistry at Houston  Houston Texas USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Camila Pinheiro","family":"Furquim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division Guarulhos University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7889-6765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiane","family":"Gon\u00e7alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology Est\u00e1cio de S\u00e1 University  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alpdogan","family":"Kantarci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ADA Forsyth Institute  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"University of Minnesota  Minneapolis Minnesota USA"},{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity Harvard School of Dental Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2293-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magda","family":"Feres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division Guarulhos University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity Harvard School of Dental Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2041-9426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nidia C.","family":"Castro dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division Guarulhos University  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"},{"name":"ADA Forsyth Institute  Cambridge Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Faculdade Israelita de Ci\u00eancias da Sa\u00fade Albert Einstein Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein  S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"392","DOI":"10.1093\/femsre\/fux005","article-title":"Chemical ecology of antibiotic production by actinomycetes","volume":"41","author":"Meij A","year":"2017","journal-title":"FEMS Microbiol Rev"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"287","DOI":"10.1093\/jhmas\/VI.Summer.287","article-title":"Antibiosis from Pasteur to Fleming","volume":"6","author":"Brunel J","year":"1951","journal-title":"J Hist Med Allied Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"237","article-title":"History of antibiotics research","volume":"398","author":"Mohr KI","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr Top Microbiol 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