{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T23:44:49Z","timestamp":1785368689919,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":224,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1763078400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Periodontology 2000"],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Smoking and diabetes mellitus (DM) are major risk factors for periodontitis, often leading to greater disease severity and reduced response to scaling and root planing (SRP). Consequently, adjunctive therapies have been explored to enhance treatment outcomes in these high\u2010risk populations. Given that periodontitis is an infectious\u2010inflammatory disease, both antimicrobial and host\u2010modulating agents have been proposed as adjuncts to support mechanical debridement. This narrative review critically evaluates clinical evidence from randomized clinical trials and systematic reviews assessing the efficacy of these adjuncts in the nonsurgical management of periodontitis in smokers and patients with DM. Local antimicrobials have shown site\u2010specific clinical benefits like probing depth reduction and clinical attachment gain, particularly in deep pockets, although microbiological evidence is limited. Systemic antimicrobials, particularly the amoxicillin\u2010metronidazole combination, demonstrated sustained clinical and microbiological improvements, especially in diabetic patients. Among host\u2010modulating strategies, sub\u2010antimicrobial dose doxycycline and locally delivered statins have shown promising effects, though high\u2010quality, long\u2010term evidence is still lacking. Adjunctive therapies may improve periodontal treatment outcomes in high\u2010risk populations, particularly in cases of severe disease. Nonetheless, significant heterogeneity in study design, outcome assessment, and risk factor control limits the generalizability of current findings. Future research should prioritize rigorous methodology, stratified analyses, and the use of clinically meaningful endpoints to better inform evidence\u2010based decisions on adjunctive therapies in patients with risk factors.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.70020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T06:55:09Z","timestamp":1763189709000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Adjunctive antimicrobials and host modulators in nonsurgical periodontal therapy: Focus on patients with diabetes and smokers"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8872-5943","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Poliana Mendes","family":"Duarte","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology University of Florida College of Dentistry  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2104-3945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rafael","family":"Lazarin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology University of Florida College of Dentistry  Gainesville Florida USA"},{"name":"Division of Periodontology, Department of Stomatology, School of Dentistry University of S\u00e3o Paulo  S\u00e3o Paulo SP Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0111-2309","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalia","family":"Vilela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology University of Florida College of Dentistry  Gainesville Florida USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2293-3392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Magda","family":"Feres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity Harvard School of Dental Medicine  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13337","article-title":"Burden of severe periodontitis and edentulism in 2021, with projections up to 2050: the global burden of disease 2021 study","volume":"59","author":"Nascimento GG","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12105","article-title":"Activation and resolution of periodontal inflammation and its systemic impact","volume":"69","author":"Hasturk H","year":"2015","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12110","article-title":"Risk factors that may modify the innate and adaptive immune responses in periodontal diseases","volume":"71","author":"Knight ET","year":"2016","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"20","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"S162","article-title":"Periodontitis: consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 world workshop on the classification of periodontal and peri\u2010implant diseases and conditions","volume":"45","author":"Papapanou PN","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1991.62.2.123","article-title":"Periodontal disease in non\u2010insulin\u2010dependent diabetes mellitus","volume":"62","author":"Emrich LJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2011.01849.x","article-title":"Five\u2010year change of periodontal diseases in the study of health in Pomerania (SHIP)","volume":"39","author":"G\u00e4tke D","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-020-01180-w","article-title":"Epidemiologic relationship between periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"20","author":"Wu CZ","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2036","DOI":"10.2337\/dc11-2453","article-title":"The influence of type 1 and type 2 diabetes on periodontal disease progression: prospective results from the study of health in Pomerania (SHIP)","volume":"35","author":"Demmer RT","year":"2012","journal-title":"Diabetes Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12063","article-title":"Current perspective of the impact of smoking on the progression and treatment of periodontitis","volume":"67","author":"Nociti FH","year":"2015","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","first-page":"S159","article-title":"Staging and grading of periodontitis: framework and proposal of a new classification and case definition","volume":"89","author":"Tonetti MS","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1338","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.8.1338","article-title":"A 10\u2010year prospective study of tobacco smoking and periodontal health","volume":"71","author":"Bergstr\u00f6m J","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051x.2001.028004283.x","article-title":"Relationship of cigarette smoking to attachment level profiles","volume":"28","author":"Haffajee AD","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2018.02.014","article-title":"Effect of smoking on periodontitis: a systematic review and meta\u2010regression","volume":"54","author":"Leite FRM","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Prev Med"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01245.x","article-title":"Influence of residual pockets on progression of periodontitis and tooth loss: results after 11\u2009years of maintenance","volume":"35","author":"Matuliene G","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"675","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2010.01587.x","article-title":"Predictors of tooth loss during long\u2010term periodontal maintenance: a systematic review of observational studies","volume":"37","author":"Chambrone L","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01184.x","article-title":"Tooth loss after active periodontal therapy. 1: patient\u2010related factors for risk, prognosis, and quality of outcome","volume":"35","author":"Eickholz P","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"701","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12266","article-title":"Risk factors associated with the longevity of multi\u2010rooted teeth. Long\u2010term outcomes after active and supportive periodontal therapy","volume":"41","author":"Salvi GE","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"914","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034512457373","article-title":"Prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: 2009 and 2010","volume":"91","author":"Eke PI","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"611","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2015.140520","article-title":"Update on prevalence of periodontitis in adults in the United States: NHANES 2009 to 2012","volume":"86","author":"Eke PI","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.5.743","article-title":"Smoking\u2010attributable periodontitis in the United States: findings from NHANES III. National Health and nutrition examination survey","volume":"71","author":"Tomar SL","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1998.tb02428.x","article-title":"Influence of smoking on the outcome of periodontal surgery. A 5\u2010year follow\u2010up","volume":"25","author":"Bostr\u00f6m L","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13384","article-title":"The impact of smoking on non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"48","author":"Chang J","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2014.140452","article-title":"Impact of cigarette smoking on clinical outcomes of periodontal flap surgical procedures: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"86","author":"Kotsakis GA","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2011.110130","article-title":"The effect of smoking on periodontal bone regeneration: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"83","author":"Patel RA","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"324","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1990.tb01098.x","article-title":"Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following surgical therapy","volume":"17","author":"Preber H","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.10182.x","article-title":"Impaired healing response of periodontal furcation defects following flap debridement surgery in smokers. A controlled clinical trial","volume":"30","author":"Trombelli L","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1995.tb00139.x","article-title":"Effect of cigarette smoking on periodontal healing following GTR in infrabony defects. A preliminary retrospective study","volume":"22","author":"Tonetti MS","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1994.65.3.260","article-title":"Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. I. Risk indicators for attachment loss","volume":"65","author":"Grossi SG","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1995.66.1.23","article-title":"Assessment of risk for periodontal disease. II. Risk indicators for alveolar bone loss","volume":"66","author":"Grossi SG","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12061","article-title":"Epidemiology of periodontal diseases in adults from Latin America","volume":"67","author":"Oppermann RV","year":"2015","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051x.2004.00588.x","article-title":"Periodontal attachment loss attributable to cigarette smoking in an urban Brazilian population","volume":"31","author":"Susin C","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1033","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.7.1033","article-title":"Periodontal attachment loss in an urban population of Brazilian adults: effect of demographic, behavioral, and environmental risk indicators","volume":"75","author":"Susin C","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00637.x","article-title":"Occurrence and risk indicators of increased probing depth in an adult Brazilian population","volume":"32","author":"Susin C","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"581","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2013.130278","article-title":"Clinical and microbiologic effects of adjunctive metronidazole plus amoxicillin in the treatment of generalized chronic periodontitis: smokers versus non\u2010smokers","volume":"85","author":"Faveri M","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"206","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13044","article-title":"Impact of diabetes on clinical periodontal outcomes following non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy","volume":"46","author":"Hsu YT","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.1981.tb02024.x","article-title":"Effect of nonsurgical periodontal therapy. I. Moderately advanced periodontitis","volume":"8","author":"Badersten A","year":"1981","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_38_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Clinical significance of non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy: an evidence\u2010based perspective of scaling and root planing","volume":"29","author":"Cobb CM","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.14.4.727-752.2001","article-title":"Periodontal disease as a specific, albeit chronic, infection: diagnosis and treatment","volume":"14","author":"Loesche WJ","year":"2001","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0757.2002.280102.x","article-title":"Dental biofilms: difficult therapeutic targets","volume":"28","author":"Socransky SS","year":"2002","journal-title":"Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/5584_2024_815","article-title":"From time to timer in wound healing through the regeneration","volume":"1470","author":"De Francesco F","year":"2024","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_42_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"Smoking and wound healing: a review","volume":"111","author":"Frick WG","year":"1994","journal-title":"Tex Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12358","article-title":"Did omics change periodontal therapy?","volume":"85","author":"Feres M","year":"2021","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm12124137","article-title":"Are local drug delivery systems a challenge in clinical periodontology?","volume":"12","author":"Budal\u0103 DG","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1085","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1998.69.10.1085","article-title":"The pharmacokinetic profile of a biodegradable controlled\u2010release delivery system containing doxycycline compared to systemically delivered doxycycline in gingival crevicular fluid, saliva, and serum","volume":"69","author":"Stoller NH","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12121","article-title":"Antibiotics\/antimicrobials: systemic and local administration in the therapy of mild to moderately advanced periodontitis","volume":"71","author":"Jepsen K","year":"2016","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.orcp.2011.11.005","article-title":"Periodontal treatment with topical antibiotics improves glycemic control in association with elevated serum adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"7","author":"Bharti P","year":"2013","journal-title":"Obes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.6.774","article-title":"The effect of antimicrobial periodontal treatment on circulating tumor necrosis factor\u2010alpha and glycated hemoglobin level in patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"72","author":"Iwamoto Y","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2008.10.016","article-title":"Multi\u2010center intervention study on glycohemoglobin (HbA1c) and serum, high\u2010sensitivity CRP (hs\u2010CRP) after local anti\u2010infectious periodontal treatment in type 2 diabetic patients with periodontal disease","volume":"83","author":"Katagiri S","year":"2009","journal-title":"Diabetes Res Clin Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-011-0535-x","article-title":"Non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy with and without subgingival minocycline administration in patients with poorly controlled type II diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"16","author":"Lin SJ","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01359.x","article-title":"Effect of antimicrobial periodontal treatment and maintenance on serum adiponectin in type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"36","author":"Matsumoto S","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_52_1","first-page":"160","article-title":"Periodontal treatment by Arestin and its effects on glycemic control in type 1 diabetes patients","volume":"6","author":"Skaleric U","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Int Acad Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1269","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-03005-9","article-title":"Novel 20% doxycycline\u2010loaded PLGA nanospheres as adjunctive therapy in chronic periodontitis in type\u20102 diabetics: randomized clinical, immune and microbiological trial","volume":"24","author":"Lecio G","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0303-6979.2004.00576.x","article-title":"Therapy with adjunctive doxycycline local delivery in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis","volume":"31","author":"Martorelli de Lima AF","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2041-1626.2012.00168.x","article-title":"Locally delivered 0.5% clarithromycin, as an adjunct to nonsurgical treatment in chronic periodontitis with well\u2010controlled type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"3","author":"Bajaj P","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120172","article-title":"Locally delivered 0.5% azithromycin as an adjunct to non\u2010surgical treatment in patients with chronic periodontitis with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"88","author":"Agarwal E","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.4103\/0976-237X.96816","article-title":"Effect of locally delivered tetracycline hydrochloride as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on Hba1c, C\u2010reactive protein, and lipid profile in type 2 diabetes: a clinico\u2010biochemical study","volume":"3","author":"Dodwad V","year":"2012","journal-title":"Contemp Clin Dent"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_58_1","article-title":"Efficacy of probiotics versus tetracycline fibers as adjuvants to scaling and root planing on interleukin 1\u03b2 levels in type 2 diabetic patients with periodontitis: a clinical and biochemical study","volume":"15","author":"Gullapelli P","year":"2023","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.215961","article-title":"The clinical and metabolic effects of subgingival application of xanthan\u2010based chlorhexidine gel in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"14","author":"Faramarzi M","year":"2017","journal-title":"Dent Res J"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_60_1","first-page":"42","article-title":"Efficacy of subgingivally delivered satranidazole in the treatment of type 2 diabetes subjects with chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"17","author":"Priyanka N","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Int Acad Periodontol"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1406","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2016.160214","article-title":"Efficacy of local antimicrobials in the non\u2010surgical treatment of patients with periodontitis and diabetes: a systematic review","volume":"87","author":"Rovai ES","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"16","key":"e_1_2_12_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13164763","article-title":"The efficacy of topical or systemic antibiotics as adjuvants to non\u2010surgical periodontal treatment in diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis of randomized clinical trials","volume":"13","author":"Molon RS","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Med"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_63_1","first-page":"86","article-title":"Efficacy of adjunctive local antimicrobials to non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy in pocket reduction and glycemic control of patients with type 2 diabetes: a network meta\u2010analysis","volume":"21","author":"Oliveira DMSAL","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Diabetes Rev"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1038\/s41432-024-01085-5","article-title":"Antibiotics as adjunct to non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy in diabetic patients","volume":"25","author":"Goyal L","year":"2024","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1155","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110600","article-title":"Efficacy of local drug delivery of 0.5% clarithromycin gel as an adjunct to non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy in the treatment of current smokers with chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"83","author":"Agarwal E","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sdentj.2011.04.001","article-title":"The effect of locally delivered doxycycline as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in smokers","volume":"23","author":"Al Hulami H","year":"2011","journal-title":"Saudi Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.3.464","article-title":"Locally delivered doxycycline as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of smokers: a clinical study","volume":"75","author":"Machion L","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1600","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.12.1600","article-title":"Microbiological changes with the use of locally delivered doxycycline in the periodontal treatment of smokers","volume":"75","author":"Machion L","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"606","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2006.050087","article-title":"Locally delivered doxycycline as an adjunctive therapy to scaling and root planing in the treatment of smokers: a 2\u2010year follow\u2010up","volume":"77","author":"Machion L","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_70_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"Comparative evaluation of the efficacy of 10% doxycycline hyclate in the periodontal treatment of smokers \u2010 a clinical and microbiological study","volume":"9","author":"Sandhya YP","year":"2011","journal-title":"Oral Health Prev Dent"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2143","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.070189","article-title":"Microbiologic changes following administration of locally delivered doxycycline in smokers: a 15\u2010month follow\u2010up","volume":"78","author":"Shaddox LM","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2004.00524.x","article-title":"Locally delivered doxycycline improves the healing following non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy in smokers","volume":"31","author":"Tomasi C","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.1999.261008.x","article-title":"Effects of smoking on local delivery of controlled\u2010release doxycycline as compared to scaling and root planing","volume":"26","author":"Ryder MI","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2003.00375.x","article-title":"Locally delivered minocycline microspheres for the treatment of periodontitis in smokers","volume":"30","author":"Paquette D","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1535","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2001.72.11.1535","article-title":"Treatment of periodontitis by local administration of minocycline microspheres: a controlled trial","volume":"72","author":"Williams RC","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12019","article-title":"Local drug delivery of 0.5% azithromycin in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers","volume":"58","author":"Pradeep AR","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.1999.260305.x","article-title":"Non\u2010surgical periodontal treatment with and without adjunctive metronidazole in smokers and non\u2010smokers","volume":"26","author":"Palmer RM","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.5.467","article-title":"The effect of smoking on mechanical and antimicrobial periodontal therapy","volume":"68","author":"Kinane DF","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1320","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2016.160268","article-title":"Efficacy of local and systemic antimicrobials in the non\u2010surgical treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: a systematic review","volume":"87","author":"Chambrone L","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.4103\/1735-3327.292059","article-title":"Effect of locally delivered doxycycline as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of periodontitis in smokers: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials with meta\u2010analysis and trial sequential analysis","volume":"17","author":"Nath S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Dent Res J"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1159\/000329676","article-title":"Antimicrobial advances in treating periodontal diseases","volume":"15","author":"Mombelli A","year":"2012","journal-title":"Front Oral Biol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_82_1","first-page":"99","article-title":"Antibiotic resistance of periodontal pathogens obtained from frequent antibiotic users","volume":"22","author":"Serrano C","year":"2009","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Latinoam"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_12_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13264","article-title":"Adjunctive effect of systemic antimicrobials in periodontitis therapy: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"47","author":"Teughels W","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_84_1","article-title":"Comparative study of azithromycin versus doxycycline effect on the resistin level in periodontitis patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"16","author":"Alblowi JA","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cureus"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_85_1","first-page":"1203","article-title":"Evaluation of adjunctive systemic doxycycline with non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy within type 2 diabetic patients","volume":"35","author":"Al\u2010Nowaiser AM","year":"2014","journal-title":"Saudi Med J"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1568","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2009.090206","article-title":"Short\u2010term effects of photodynamic therapy on periodontal status and glycemic control of patients with diabetes","volume":"80","author":"Al\u2010Zahrani MS","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.5005\/jp-journals-10024-2722","article-title":"Adjunctive effect of doxycycline with conventional periodontal therapy on glycemic level for chronic periodontitis with type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects","volume":"20","author":"Das AC","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ebd.6400466","article-title":"Systemic doxycycline and nonsurgical periodontal treatment in diabetic patients","volume":"8","author":"Eickholz P","year":"2007","journal-title":"Evid Based Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.5051\/jpis.2013.43.2.79","article-title":"Effect of scaling and root planing combined with systemic doxycycline therapy on glycemic control in diabetes mellitus subjects with chronic generalized periodontitis: a clinical study","volume":"43","author":"Gaikwad SP","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontal Implant Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1997.68.8.713","article-title":"Treatment of periodontal disease in diabetics reduces glycated hemoglobin","volume":"68","author":"Grossi SG","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"337","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-008-0201-0","article-title":"The effect of periodontal treatment on metabolic control of type 1 diabetes mellitus","volume":"12","author":"Llamb\u00e9s F","year":"2008","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e562","DOI":"10.4317\/medoral.17793","article-title":"Effect of periodontal disease and nonsurgical periodontal treatment on C\u2010reactive protein. Evaluation of type 1 diabetic patients","volume":"17","author":"Llamb\u00e9s F","year":"2012","journal-title":"Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"774","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070250","article-title":"Effects of periodontal therapy on glycemic control and inflammatory markers","volume":"79","author":"O'Connell PA","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2005.01119.x","article-title":"The effect of periodontal therapy on uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus in older subjects","volume":"11","author":"Promsudthi A","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.4103\/0973-3930.43097","article-title":"The effect of periodontal therapy on the improvement of glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"28","author":"Singh S","year":"2008","journal-title":"Int J Diabetes Dev Ctries"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"972","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12287","article-title":"Effects of doxycycline on clinical, microbiological and immunological parameters in well\u2010controlled diabetes type\u20102 patients with periodontal disease: a randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"41","author":"Tsalikis L","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"706","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12058","article-title":"Effects of periodontal non\u2010surgical therapy plus azithromycin on glycemic control in patients with diabetes: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"48","author":"Botero JE","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_98_1","first-page":"89","article-title":"Microbiological effects of periodontal therapy plus azithromycin in patients with diabetes: results from a randomized clinical trial","volume":"27","author":"Hincapi\u00e9 JP","year":"2014","journal-title":"Acta Odontol Latinoam"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_99_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antibiotics11091266","article-title":"Effects of one\u2010stage full\u2010mouth scaling and root planing with azithromycin on diabetes and periodontal disease: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"11","author":"Komatsu S","year":"2022","journal-title":"Antibiotics"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_100_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1361","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2003.74.9.1361","article-title":"Effect of non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"74","author":"Rodrigues DC","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_101_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"822","DOI":"10.1111\/odi.13256","article-title":"The effects of non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy on glycemic control in diabetic patients: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"26","author":"El\u2010Makaky Y","year":"2020","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_102_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000665","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjdrc-2019-000665","article-title":"Efficacy of clindamycin compared with amoxicillin\u2010metronidazole after a 7\u2010day regimen in the treatment of periodontitis in patients with diabetes: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"G\u00f3mez\u2010Sandoval JR","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_103_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"368","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2012.01860.x","article-title":"Surgical and non\u2010surgical therapy with systemic antimicrobials for residual pockets in type 2 diabetics with chronic periodontitis: a pilot study","volume":"39","author":"Mendon\u00e7a AC","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_104_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"890","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12282","article-title":"Metronidazole and amoxicillin as adjuncts to scaling and root planing for the treatment of type 2 diabetic subjects with periodontitis: 1\u2010year outcomes of a randomized placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial","volume":"41","author":"Miranda TS","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_105_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034516639274","article-title":"Amoxicillin plus metronidazole therapy for patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes: a 2\u2010year randomized controlled trial","volume":"95","author":"Tamashiro NS","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_106_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13225","article-title":"Effects of amoxicillin and metronidazole as an adjunct to scaling and root planing on glycemic control in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes: a short\u2010term randomized controlled trial","volume":"59","author":"Xu X","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_107_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-021-01620-1","article-title":"Clinical efficacy of scaling and root planing with and without metronidazole on glycemic control: three\u2010arm randomized controlled trial","volume":"21","author":"Qureshi A","year":"2021","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_108_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1149","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12004","article-title":"Metronidazole alone or with amoxicillin as adjuncts to non\u2010surgical treatment of chronic periodontitis: a 1\u2010year double\u2010blinded, placebo\u2010controlled, randomized clinical trial","volume":"39","author":"Feres M","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_109_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.20-0196","article-title":"Metronidazole and amoxicillin for patients with periodontitis and diabetes mellitus: 5\u2010year secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial","volume":"92","author":"Cruz DFD","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_110_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1326","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12994","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological effects of scaling and root planing, metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of diabetic and non\u2010diabetic subjects with periodontitis: a cohort study","volume":"45","author":"Duarte PM","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_111_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13946","article-title":"The efficacy of combining adjuvants with non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a Bayesian network meta\u2010analysis","volume":"51","author":"Zanatta FB","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_112_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"915","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00736.x","article-title":"Effect of non\u2010surgical periodontal treatment with or without doxycycline on the periodontium of type 1 diabetic patients","volume":"32","author":"Llamb\u00e9s F","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_113_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0145262","article-title":"Systemic antibiotics in periodontal treatment of diabetic patients: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Santos CM","year":"2015","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_114_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12514","article-title":"Systemic antimicrobials adjuvant to periodontal therapy in diabetic subjects: a meta\u2010analysis","volume":"43","author":"Grellmann AP","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_115_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1111\/idj.12384","article-title":"Efficacy of systemic antibiotics in nonsurgical periodontal therapy for diabetic subjects: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"68","author":"Souto MLS","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int Dent J"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_116_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0873-7","article-title":"Systemic doxycycline as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in diabetic patients with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"19","author":"Yap KCH","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_117_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fphys.2024.1479152","article-title":"Systemic doxycycline as an adjunct to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in diabetic patients with periodontitis: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"15","author":"Zhang Z","year":"2025","journal-title":"Front Physiol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_118_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.15644\/asc57\/1\/6","article-title":"Adjunctive systemic azithromycin with nonsurgical periodontal treatment: effects on clinical parameters in smokers with periodontitis","volume":"57","author":"Camgoz M","year":"2023","journal-title":"Acta Stomatol Croat"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_119_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"426","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2005.76.3.426","article-title":"Clinical response of azithromycin as an adjunct to non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy in smokers","volume":"76","author":"Mascarenhas P","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_120_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2008.01304.x","article-title":"Clinical and microbiological benefits of systemic metronidazole and amoxicillin in the treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: a randomized placebo\u2010controlled study","volume":"35","author":"Matarazzo F","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_121_1","first-page":"116","article-title":"The efficacy of non\u2010surgical and systemic antibiotic treatment on smoking and non\u2010smoking periodontitis patients","volume":"8","author":"Pahkla ER","year":"2006","journal-title":"Stomatologija"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_122_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"761","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1999.70.7.761","article-title":"Longitudinal effect of non\u2010surgical treatment and systemic metronidazole for 1 week in smokers and non\u2010smokers with refractory periodontitis: a 5\u2010year study","volume":"70","author":"S\u00f6der B","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_123_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.3402\/jom.v4i0.17535","article-title":"Multilevel analysis of clinical parameters in chronic periodontitis after root planing\/scaling, surgery, and systemic and local antibiotics: 2\u2010year results","volume":"4","author":"Mdala I","year":"2012","journal-title":"J Oral Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_124_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pdpdt.2018.04.003","article-title":"Treatment of periodontitis in smokers with multiple sessions of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy or systemic antibiotics: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"22","author":"Theodoro LH","year":"2018","journal-title":"Photodiagn Photodyn Ther"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_125_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16322","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-73054-8","article-title":"Microbiological and host\u2010derived biomarker evaluation following non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy with short\u2010term administration of systemic antimicrobials: secondary outcomes of an RCT","volume":"10","author":"Cosgarea R","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_126_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"715","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120281","article-title":"Are there specific benefits of amoxicillin plus metronidazole in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans\u2010associated periodontitis? Double\u2010masked, randomized clinical trial of efficacy and safety","volume":"84","author":"Mombelli A","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_127_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1116","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13049","article-title":"Smoking negatively impacts the clinical, microbiological, and immunological treatment response of young adults with grade C periodontitis","volume":"57","author":"Silva RVC","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_128_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"167","DOI":"10.3389\/fcimb.2020.00167","article-title":"Significant short\u2010term shifts in the microbiomes of smokers with periodontitis after periodontal therapy with amoxicillin & metronidazole as revealed by 16S rDNA amplicon next generation sequencing","volume":"10","author":"Hagenfeld D","year":"2020","journal-title":"Front Cell Infect Microbiol"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_129_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2010.100192","article-title":"A systematic review of clinical efficacy of adjunctive antibiotics in the treatment of smokers with periodontitis","volume":"81","author":"Angaji M","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_130_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1807-3107bor-2017.vol31.0067","article-title":"Antibiotic therapy as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in smokers: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"31","author":"Assem NZ","year":"2017","journal-title":"Braz Oral Res"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_131_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/eos.12111","article-title":"Baseline adjustment and change revisited: effect of smoking on change in periodontal status following periodontal therapy","volume":"122","author":"Preus HR","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Oral Sci"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_132_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2007.070072","article-title":"Effect of adjunctive systemic azithromycin with periodontal surgery in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in smokers: a pilot study","volume":"78","author":"Dastoor SF","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_133_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01058.x","article-title":"A randomized\u2010controlled trial of low\u2010dose doxycycline for periodontitis in smokers","volume":"34","author":"Needleman I","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_134_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12331","article-title":"Current understanding of periodontal disease pathogenesis and targets for host\u2010modulation therapy","volume":"84","author":"Hajishengallis G","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_135_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2002.73.7.762","article-title":"Adjunctive benefits of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline in the management of severe, generalized, chronic periodontitis","volume":"73","author":"Novak MJ","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_136_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"798","DOI":"10.1177\/0022034521995157","article-title":"Host modulation and treatment of periodontal disease","volume":"100","author":"Balta MG","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_137_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12169","article-title":"Host modulation: controlling the inflammation to control the infection","volume":"75","author":"Bartold PM","year":"2017","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"22","key":"e_1_2_12_138_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13232","article-title":"The adjunctive use of host modulators in non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy. A systematic review of randomized, placebo\u2010controlled clinical studies","volume":"47","author":"Donos N","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_139_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"186","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12315","article-title":"Periodontal therapeutics: current host\u2010modulation agents and future directions","volume":"82","author":"Golub LM","year":"2020","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_140_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0757.2008.00252.x","article-title":"Host response modulation in periodontics","volume":"48","author":"Preshaw PM","year":"2008","journal-title":"Periodontol 2000"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_141_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"149","DOI":"10.1186\/s12967-023-03990-2","article-title":"The role of non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs as adjuncts to periodontal treatment and in periodontal regeneration","volume":"21","author":"Ren J","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Transl Med"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_142_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00785.x","article-title":"Host response modulation in the management of periodontal diseases","volume":"32","author":"Salvi GE","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_143_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/pharmaceutics14081728","article-title":"Host response modulation therapy in the diabetes mellitus\u2010periodontitis conjuncture: a narrative review","volume":"14","author":"Sufaru IG","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmaceutics"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_144_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.1039\/D1MD00280E","article-title":"Non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs: recent advances in the use of synthetic COX\u20102 inhibitors","volume":"13","author":"Ahmadi M","year":"2022","journal-title":"RSC Med Chem"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_145_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S761","DOI":"10.3928\/0147-7447-20000702-05","article-title":"COX\u20102 specific inhibitors offer improved advantages over traditional NSAIDs","volume":"23","author":"Urban MK","year":"2000","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_146_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.110.223883","article-title":"Novel lipid mediators promote resolution of acute inflammation: impact of aspirin and statins","volume":"107","author":"Spite M","year":"2010","journal-title":"Circ Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_147_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2022.155211","article-title":"Effects of statins on specialized pro\u2010resolving mediators: An additional pathway leading to resolution of inflammation","volume":"132","author":"Radbakhsh S","year":"2022","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_148_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.2174\/1874210601408010109","article-title":"Anti\u2010inflammatory actions of adjunctive tetracyclines and other agents in periodontitis and associated comorbidities","volume":"8","author":"Tilakaratne A","year":"2014","journal-title":"Open Dent J"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_149_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R11","DOI":"10.1530\/JOE-21-0194","article-title":"Metformin as an anti\u2010inflammatory agent: a short review","volume":"251","author":"Krist\u00f3fi R","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Endocrinol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_150_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"743","DOI":"10.1007\/s11914-023-00828-0","article-title":"The differential effect of metformin on osteocytes, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts","volume":"21","author":"Vries TJ","year":"2023","journal-title":"Curr Osteoporos Rep"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_151_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1007\/s11745-003-1068-y","article-title":"N\u20103 polyunsaturated fatty acids and inflammation: from molecular biology to the clinic","volume":"38","author":"Calder PC","year":"2003","journal-title":"Lipids"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_152_1","first-page":"96","article-title":"Specialized pro\u2010resolving lipid mediators in gut immunophysiology: from dietary precursors to inflammation resolution","volume":"28","author":"Albuquerque\u2010Souza E","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_153_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2240","DOI":"10.1002\/fsn3.3933","article-title":"Exploring the multimodal health\u2010promoting properties of resveratrol: a comprehensive review","volume":"12","author":"Faisal Z","year":"2024","journal-title":"Food Sci Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_154_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2022.01.038","article-title":"Melatonin effectiveness in amelioration of oxidative stress and strengthening of antioxidant defense system: findings from a systematic review and dose\u2010response meta\u2010analysis of controlled clinical trials","volume":"48","author":"Zarezadeh M","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Nutr ESPEN"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_155_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-079X.2012.01014.x","article-title":"A review of the molecular aspects of melatonin's anti\u2010inflammatory actions: recent insights and new perspectives","volume":"54","author":"Mauriz JL","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pineal Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_156_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/cimb47050322","article-title":"Therapeutic potential of alpha\u2010lipoic acid: unraveling its role in oxidative stress and inflammatory conditions","volume":"47","author":"Shahid A","year":"2025","journal-title":"Curr Issues Mol Biol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_157_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1310","DOI":"10.1177\/00220345870660080401","article-title":"A non\u2010antibacterial chemically\u2010modified tetracycline inhibits mammalian collagenase activity","volume":"66","author":"Golub LM","year":"1987","journal-title":"J Dent Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_158_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0b013e31824f632d","article-title":"Wound healing and infection in surgery: the pathophysiological impact of smoking, smoking cessation, and nicotine replacement therapy: a systematic review","volume":"255","author":"S\u00f8rensen LT","year":"2012","journal-title":"Ann Surg"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_159_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07692.x","article-title":"MMP\u2010mediated events in diabetes","volume":"878","author":"Ryan ME","year":"1999","journal-title":"Ann N Y Acad Sci"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_160_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0765.1983.tb00388.x","article-title":"Minocycline reduces gingival collagenolytic activity during diabetes. Preliminary observations and a proposed new mechanism of action","volume":"18","author":"Golub LM","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_161_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.1993.64.8s.819","article-title":"Blocking periodontal disease progression by inhibiting tissue\u2010destructive enzymes: a potential therapeutic role for tetracyclines and their chemically\u2010modified analogs","volume":"64","author":"Rifkin BR","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_162_1","first-page":"111","article-title":"The nonantimicrobial properties of tetracycline for the treatment of periodontal disease","author":"Vernillo AT","year":"1994","journal-title":"Curr Opin Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_163_1","first-page":"80","article-title":"Host modulation with tetracyclines and their chemically modified analogues","volume":"2","author":"Golub LM","year":"1992","journal-title":"Curr Opin Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_164_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/2807259","article-title":"Effect of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline treatment on gingival crevicular fluid levels of MMP\u20109 and MMP\u201013 in periodontitis stage 2, grade b in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus","volume":"2020","author":"Attia MS","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Immunol Res"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_165_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.5005\/jcdp-11-3-9","article-title":"Evaluation of subantimicrobial dose doxycycline as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis patients with diabetes: a randomized, placebo\u2010controlled clinical trial","volume":"11","author":"Deo V","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Contemp Dent Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_166_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"624","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phrs.2011.06.024","article-title":"Sub\u2010antimicrobial doxycycline for periodontitis reduces hemoglobin A1c in subjects with type 2 diabetes: a pilot study","volume":"64","author":"Engebretson SP","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pharmacol Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_167_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"589","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjms.2016.02.004","article-title":"Changes in inflammatory and bone turnover markers after periodontal disease treatment in patients with diabetes","volume":"351","author":"Izuora KE","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Med Sci"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_168_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2012.01943.x","article-title":"Efficacy of short\u2010term adjunctive subantimicrobial dose doxycycline in diabetic patients\u2013randomized study","volume":"18","author":"Gilowski L","year":"2012","journal-title":"Oral Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_169_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"521","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2000.71.4.521","article-title":"Treatment with subantimicrobial dose doxycycline improves the efficacy of scaling and root planing in patients with adult periodontitis","volume":"71","author":"Caton JG","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_170_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-051X.2001.280810.x","article-title":"Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline as an adjunct to scaling and root planing: post\u2010treatment effects","volume":"28","author":"Caton JG","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_12_171_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1007\/s00011-006-6074-2","article-title":"Adjunctive low\u2010dose doxycycline therapy effect on clinical parameters and gingival crevicular fluid tissue plasminogen activator levels in chronic periodontitis","volume":"55","author":"Emingil G","year":"2006","journal-title":"Inflamm Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_172_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070237","article-title":"Combining host modulation and topical antimicrobial therapy in the management of moderate to severe periodontitis: a randomized multicenter trial","volume":"79","author":"Novak MJ","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_173_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"768","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2007.01114.x","article-title":"Efficacy of sub\u2010antimicrobial dose doxycycline in post\u2010menopausal women: clinical outcomes","volume":"34","author":"Reinhardt RA","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_174_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1068","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2004.75.8.1068","article-title":"Subantimicrobial dose doxycycline enhances the efficacy of scaling and root planing in chronic periodontitis: a multicenter trial","volume":"75","author":"Preshaw PM","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_175_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"440","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2008.070375","article-title":"Modified\u2010release subantimicrobial dose doxycycline enhances scaling and root planing in subjects with periodontal disease","volume":"79","author":"Preshaw PM","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_176_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"610","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-051X.2005.00728.x","article-title":"Adjunctive subantimicrobial dose doxycycline in smokers and non\u2010smokers with chronic periodontitis","volume":"32","author":"Preshaw PM","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_177_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2020.107614","article-title":"Statins and autoimmunity: state\u2010of\u2010the\u2010art","volume":"214","author":"Dehnavi S","year":"2020","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_178_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.job.2021.06.002","article-title":"Statins with potential to control periodontitis: from biological mechanisms to clinical studies","volume":"63","author":"Carvalho RDP","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Oral Biosci"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_179_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12304","article-title":"Efficacy of statin delivery as an adjunct to scaling and root planing in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: a meta\u2010analysis","volume":"9","author":"Akram Z","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"issue":"7","key":"e_1_2_12_180_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2413","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2507-x","article-title":"Locally applied statins as adjuvants to non\u2010surgical periodontal treatment for chronic periodontitis: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"22","author":"Meza\u2010Mauricio J","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_181_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"671","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-018-2354-9","article-title":"The effect of statins on periodontal treatment\u2010a systematic review with meta\u2010analyses and meta\u2010regression","volume":"22","author":"Muniz F","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"issue":"18","key":"e_1_2_12_182_1","first-page":"5737","article-title":"Efficacy of locally delivered statins as an adjunct to scaling and root planning in the treatment of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"25","author":"Cecoro G","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_183_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-019-0789-2","article-title":"Efficacy of locally\u2010delivered statins adjunct to non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy for chronic periodontitis: a Bayesian network analysis","volume":"19","author":"Cao R","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_184_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.110721","article-title":"Efficacy of subgingivally delivered simvastatin in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic periodontitis: a randomized double\u2010masked controlled clinical trial","volume":"84","author":"Pradeep AR","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_185_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2023.02.012","article-title":"Sub\u2010gingival delivery of simvastatin and rosuvastatin for treatment of chronic periodontitis with diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical\u2010radiographic pilot study","volume":"13","author":"Sharma P","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_186_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1278","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2016.130227","article-title":"Efficacy of subgingivally delivered 1.2% atorvastatin in the treatment of chronic periodontitis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"87","author":"Kumari M","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_187_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdent.2024.105212","article-title":"Efficacy of adjunctive local periodontal treatment for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with periodontitis: a systematic review and network meta\u2010analysis","volume":"148","author":"Lin SY","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_188_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/20406223231213252","article-title":"Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus using lipid\u2010lowering agents have better periodontal health than non\u2010users","volume":"14","author":"Andriankaja OM","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ther Adv Chronic Dis"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_189_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.15713\/ins.jcri.272","article-title":"1.2% rosuvastatin gel as a local drug delivery agent in smokers with chronic periodontitis \u2013 a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"6","author":"Kanoriya D","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Adv Clin Res Insights"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_190_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12213","article-title":"Subgingivally delivered 1.2% atorvastatin in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers: a randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"8","author":"Kumari M","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_191_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1111\/adj.12042","article-title":"Simvastatin local drug delivery in smokers with chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"58","author":"Rao NS","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aust Dent J"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_192_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1002\/cre2.736","article-title":"Effects of Omega\u20103 as an adjuvant in the treatment of periodontal disease: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"9","author":"Miroult C","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin Exp Dent Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_193_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1128","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.13191","article-title":"Adjunctive use of omega\u20103 fatty acids in combination with low\u2010dose aspirin in periodontitis: systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"58","author":"Neprelyuk OA","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_194_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1024","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.13680","article-title":"The effect of omega\u20103 fatty acids on active periodontal therapy: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"49","author":"Van Ravensteijn MM","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_195_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"721","DOI":"10.1111\/jre.12257","article-title":"Effect of omega 3 fatty acids plus low\u2010dose aspirin on both clinical and biochemical profiles of patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes: a randomized double blind placebo\u2010controlled study","volume":"50","author":"Elwakeel NM","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Periodontal Res"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_196_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1318","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.19-0613","article-title":"Omega\u20103 PUFA and aspirin as adjuncts to periodontal debridement in patients with periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus: randomized clinical trial","volume":"91","author":"Castro Dos Santos NC","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_197_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"249","DOI":"10.4103\/jisp.jisp_528_18","article-title":"Comparison of effectiveness of low\u2010dose aspirin versus omega\u20103 fatty acids as adjuvants to nonsurgical periodontal therapy in type II diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"23","author":"Rampally P","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Indian Soc Periodontol"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_198_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12125","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-021-91506-7","article-title":"Systematic review and meta\u2010analysis on the adjunctive use of host immune modulators in non\u2010surgical periodontal treatment in healthy and systemically compromised patients","volume":"11","author":"Corbella S","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_199_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-024-05835-8","article-title":"Clinical effects of omega\u20103 fatty acids supplementation in the periodontal treatment of smokers and non\u2010smokers with periodontitis: a retrospective study","volume":"28","author":"Savran L","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin Oral Investig"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_200_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S409373","article-title":"Metformin: a review of potential mechanism and therapeutic utility beyond diabetes","volume":"17","author":"Dutta S","year":"2023","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_201_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2534","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2024.07.001","article-title":"Metformin as a therapeutic agent for obesity\u2010associated immune dysfunction","volume":"154","author":"Rajeev D","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_202_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsps.2018.02.029","article-title":"Efficacy of metformin in the management of periodontitis: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"26","author":"Najeeb S","year":"2018","journal-title":"Saudi Pharm J"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_203_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1165","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2012.120298","article-title":"Locally delivered 1% metformin gel in the treatment of smokers with chronic periodontitis: a randomized controlled clinical trial","volume":"84","author":"Rao NS","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_204_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1111\/jicd.12150","article-title":"Efficacy of locally\u2010delivered 1% metformin gel in the treatment of intrabony defects in patients with chronic periodontitis: a randomized, controlled clinical trial","volume":"7","author":"Pradeep AR","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Investig Clin Dent"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_205_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3389\/fdmed.2024.1464009","article-title":"Role of oxidative stress in impaired type II diabetic bone repair: scope for antioxidant therapy intervention?","volume":"5","author":"Li P","year":"2024","journal-title":"Front Dent Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_206_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S1965","DOI":"10.4103\/jpbs.jpbs_440_24","article-title":"Guardians of oral health: antioxidants as promising allies in periodontal wellness","volume":"16","author":"Mohapatra A","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Pharm Bioallied Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_207_1","article-title":"Antioxidants as adjuvants in periodontitis treatment: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"2019","author":"Castro MML","year":"2019","journal-title":"Oxid Med Cell Longev"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_208_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.34172\/japid.2024.019","article-title":"Beneficial effects of cranberry juice enriched with omega\u20103 fatty acids in patients with type 2 diabetic and periodontal disease: a randomized pilot clinical trial","volume":"16","author":"Ashrafzadeh E","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Adv Periodontol Implant Dent"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_209_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1186\/s12903-024-04688-7","article-title":"The effects of non\u2010surgical periodontal treatment plus zinc and magnesium supplementation on oxidative stress and antioxidants enzymes in type 2 diabetes patients: a quasi\u2010experimental study","volume":"24","author":"Alarc\u00f3n\u2010Moreno JC","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Oral Health"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_12_210_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1007\/s10787-018-0539-0","article-title":"The effects of melatonin supplementation in adjunct with non\u2010surgical periodontal therapy on periodontal status, serum melatonin and inflammatory markers in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with chronic periodontitis: a double\u2010blind, placebo\u2010controlled trial","volume":"27","author":"Bazyar H","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammopharmacology"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_211_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1111\/jcpe.12883","article-title":"Green tea prevents vascular disturbs and attenuates periodontal breakdown in long\u2010term hyperglycaemia in T1D rats","volume":"45","author":"Catanzaro DP","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Periodontol"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_212_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dsx.2019.07.042","article-title":"Impact of resveratrol supplementation on inflammatory, antioxidant, and periodontal markers in type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis","volume":"13","author":"Javid AZ","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetes Metab Syndr"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_213_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/7278064","article-title":"Antioxidant effects of curcumin gel in experimental induced diabetes and periodontitis in rats","volume":"2022","author":"Mohammad CA","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_12_214_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832","DOI":"10.1002\/JPER.23-0335","article-title":"Melatonin supports nonsurgical periodontal treatment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and periodontitis: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"95","author":"Sarac Gul Y","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_215_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1590\/1678-7757-2020-0444","article-title":"Effects of vitamin C local application on ligature\u2010induced periodontitis in diabetic rats","volume":"28","author":"Toraman A","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Appl Oral Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_216_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"221","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2014.131","article-title":"Resveratrol ameliorates experimental periodontitis in diabetic mice through negative regulation of TLR4 signaling","volume":"36","author":"Zhen L","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol Sin"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_217_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox10081304","article-title":"Effects of antioxidant in adjunct with periodontal therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta\u2010analysis","volume":"10","author":"Mizutani K","year":"2021","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_218_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/medicina57020140","article-title":"Study on the effects of melatonin on glycemic control and periodontal parameters in patients with type II diabetes mellitus and periodontal disease","volume":"57","author":"Anton DM","year":"2021","journal-title":"Medicina"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_12_219_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/antiox13101228","article-title":"Alpha\u2010lipoic acid: biological mechanisms and health benefits","volume":"13","author":"Superti F","year":"2024","journal-title":"Antioxidants"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_12_220_1","first-page":"ZC01","article-title":"Efficacy of systemic administration of alpha lipoic acid and scaling and root planning in patients with chronic periodontitis and type 2 diabetes mellitus \u2010 a randomised controlled trial","volume":"12","author":"Surapaneni K","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Clin Diagn Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_2_12_221_1","first-page":"401","article-title":"Efficacy of lycopene as a locally delivered gel in the treatment of chronic periodontitis: smokers vs nonsmokers","volume":"43","author":"Chandra RV","year":"2012","journal-title":"Quintessence Int"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_222_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"204","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jobcr.2018.05.005","article-title":"Subgingivally delivered coenzyme Q10 in the treatment of chronic periodontitis among smokers: a randomized, controlled clinical study","volume":"9","author":"Raut CP","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Oral Biol Craniofac Res"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_223_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"788","DOI":"10.1902\/jop.2017.170025","article-title":"Resveratrol inhibits periodontitis\u2010related bone loss in rats subjected to cigarette smoke inhalation","volume":"88","author":"Ribeiro FV","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Periodontol"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_12_224_1","first-page":"41","article-title":"Proposal of a clinical endpoint for periodontal trials: the treat\u2010to\u2010target approach","volume":"22","author":"Feres M","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Int Acad Periodontol"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_225_1","article-title":"CONSORT 2025 statement: updated guideline for reporting randomised trials","author":"Hopewell S","year":"2025","journal-title":"Lancet"}],"container-title":["Periodontology 2000"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/prd.70020","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,15]],"date-time":"2025-11-15T06:55:34Z","timestamp":1763189734000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/prd.70020"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"references-count":224,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/prd.70020"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/prd.70020","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0906-6713","1600-0757"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0906-6713","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0757","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2025-06-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-10-29","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-11-14","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"prd.70020"}}