{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T19:59:16Z","timestamp":1792007956825,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":17,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perspect Sexual Reproductive"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Context<\/jats:title><jats:p>Testosterone, which some transgender and non\u2010binary (TGNB) individuals born with a uterus will use for gender affirmation, is not a form of contraception. Gaps remain in understanding how well clinicians address contraceptive needs with individuals initiating testosterone.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title><jats:p>This was an IRB\u2010approved retrospective analysis of TGNB individuals on testosterone for gender affirmation. Charts were evaluated for whether or not sexual activity that could result in pregnancy was assessed, and whether contraceptive counseling was performed for those at risk of pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 280 individuals included, almost all (232, 83%) had documentation of whether or not they were engaging in penile\u2010vaginal intercourse. Nineteen percent (45) were currently engaging in penile\u2010vaginal intercourse at the time of testosterone initiation, and 17% (39) had a history of penile\u2010vaginal intercourse. The majority of those currently engaging in penile\u2010vaginal sex had contraceptive counseling when initiating testosterone (39\/45, 87%), and the majority were documented as using a form of contraception (40\/45, 89%), with condoms being the most frequently documented form (24\/40, 53%). Those who previously engaged in penile\u2010vaginal sex were less likely to have documentation of counseling (16\/39, 41%) or contraceptive use (19\/39, 49%), with condoms being the most frequently documented form (9\/19, 23%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this cohort of TGNB individuals who initiated testosterone, the majority had an assessment of penile\u2010vaginal sexual activity documented. The majority of those who had engaged in penile\u2010vaginal sexual activity had documentation of both contraceptive counseling and use of a form of contraception, with condoms being the most common.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/psrh.70018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T09:05:19Z","timestamp":1750237519000},"page":"138-143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Assessment of Sexual Activity and Contraceptive Counseling Among Transgender Individuals Initiating Testosterone"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Frances W.","family":"Grimstad","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecology, Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Center for Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery; Women's Health Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth R.","family":"Boskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gynecology, Department of Surgery Boston Children's Hospital  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School  Boston Massachusetts USA"},{"name":"Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health  Boston Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael S.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Case Western University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Massachusetts  Worcester Massachusetts USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cecile A.","family":"Ferrando","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Urogynecology and Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery; Women's Health Institute Cleveland Clinic  Cleveland Ohio USA"},{"name":"Case Western University School of Medicine  Cleveland Ohio USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2019.07.043"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2020.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2022.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/trgh.2019.0037"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/26895269.2020.1824692"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jadohealth.2020.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.AOG.0000533319.47797.7e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.contraception.2016.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2023.12.036"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jsxmed\/qdad135"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjsrh\u20102020\u2010200655"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224499.2019.1577351"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamanetworkopen.2020.3833"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2021.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpag.2024.07.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Sexual Behavior, Sexual Attraction, and Sexual Orientation Among Adults Aged 18\u201344 in the United States: Data From the 2011\u20132013 National Survey of Family Growth","volume":"88","author":"Copen C. E.","year":"2016","journal-title":"National Health Statistics Reports"}],"container-title":["Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/psrh.70018","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,27]],"date-time":"2025-06-27T14:49:09Z","timestamp":1751035749000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/psrh.70018"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/psrh.70018"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/psrh.70018","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1538-6341","1931-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1538-6341","type":"print"},{"value":"1931-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2024-05-10","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2025-06-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}