{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T14:53:06Z","timestamp":1790175186256,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,6]],"date-time":"2025-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751760000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Perspect Sexual Reproductive"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>As the number of U.S. Catholic\u2010affiliated hospitals increases, more patients who receive care at Catholic hospitals may face restrictions to reproductive healthcare services, including postpartum contraception and sterilization. Little is known about how Catholic hospital affiliation affects the likelihood of a short\u2010interval pregnancy following a delivery. A short interpregnancy interval is associated with poor obstetric outcomes in subsequent pregnancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study of Medicaid claims data, we examined if an index delivery at a Catholic\u2010affiliated hospital was associated with a short\u2010interval pregnancy among patients in nine states (2010\u20132014). We used Cox proportional hazards regression to compare the time to subsequent pregnancy for those who delivered at Catholic\u2010affiliated hospitals versus non\u2010Catholic\u2010affiliated hospitals. We also estimated the likelihood of a subsequent pregnancy by 6, 12, and 18\u2009months following an index delivery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We matched 1,197,898 index births to a provider and the religious affiliation of the delivery hospital. Across all nine states, 20.9% (249,764) of deliveries were at Catholic hospitals. After adjusting for maternal age, maternal race and ethnicity, and rural residence, subjects who delivered in a Catholic hospital had a 5% increased adjusted odds of conception by 18\u2009months (95% confidence interval: 1.04\u20131.07; adjusted odds ratio: 1.07, 95% confidence interval: 1.05\u20131.10 by 6\u2009months and adjusted odds ratio: 1.06, 95% confidence interval: 1.05\u20131.08 by 12\u2009months for Catholic vs. non\u2010Catholic hospitals).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Medicaid enrollees who deliver at Catholic hospitals are at increased risk for short\u2010interval pregnancies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/psrh.70021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,7]],"date-time":"2025-07-07T02:52:22Z","timestamp":1751856742000},"page":"321-328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Short\u2010Interval Pregnancy Following Delivery in Catholic\u2010Affiliated Versus Non\u2010Catholic\u2010Affiliated Hospitals Among Patients Insured Through the Medicaid Program"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Allison","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Hernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Stulberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phil","family":"Schumm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manoradhan","family":"Murugesan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Sciences University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ashley","family":"McHugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Family Medicine University of Chicago  Chicago Illinois USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annie","family":"Dude","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; 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