{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T03:24:14Z","timestamp":1792121054394,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,16]],"date-time":"2014-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1413417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":45,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychogeriatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review summarizes studies on the natural history of dementia with a focus on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>lzheimer's disease and vascular dementia. Understanding the course of dementia is important not only for patients, caregivers, and health professionals, but also for health policy\u2010makers, who have to plan for national resources needed in the management of an increasing number of dementia cases. From the available published data, the life expectancy of elderly people with dementia is shorter than that of non\u2010demented elderly. Reports on survival after a diagnosis of dementia vary from 3 to 12 years. The wide variation is partly due to the diagnostic criteria used in the studies and the sites where they were conducted (i.e. hospitals, clinics, or homes). There is an apparent difference in survival between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>lzheimer's disease patients with onset of illness before 75 years and those after 75 years: the younger patients have a longer life expectancy. However, there are conflicting data on survival (in years) comparing male and female patients and comparing patients of different ethnicities. For vascular dementia, published papers on life expectancy vary between 3 to 5 years. Vascular dementia appears to have a poorer prognosis than <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>lzheimer's disease. The stages of severity of dementia were compared in a follow\u2010up of a sample of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>lzheimer's disease patients in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>ingapore, and the mean duration of the mild phase (clinical dementia rating 1) was 5.6 years, the moderate phase (clinical dementia rating 2) was 3.5 years, and the severe phase (clinical dementia rating 3) was 3.2 years. At the various phases of the disease, the demand on health\u2010care services and economic cost are different.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,10,17]],"date-time":"2014-10-17T02:23:37Z","timestamp":1413512617000},"page":"196-201","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":117,"title":["The natural history of dementia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Ee Heok","family":"Kua","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine National University Health System National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emily","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine National University Health System National University of Singapore  Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hong 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