{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T20:21:31Z","timestamp":1780518091760,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,1]],"date-time":"2021-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614556800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychogeriatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Various types of therapy, including occupational therapy, are utilised for the treatment of moderate to severe dementia. In order to determine the optimal rehabilitation strategy for such patients and examine the treatment efficacy, an assessment scale for engagement in various group activities that can be easily applied in clinical situations is required. We herein report the development of the Assessment Scale for Engagement in Activities (ASEA) and its clinical utility.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ASEA was developed by nine occupational therapists and a psychiatrist with experience in developing measures for dementia, in accordance with the COSMIN (COnsensus\u2010based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments) checklist. This assessment comprises 10 items covering four domains: Engagement in the Activity, Interaction, Arousal, and Affect. Participants with moderate to severe dementia who resided in a psychiatric acute phase hospital in Japan were assessed in terms of engagement in activities using the ASEA and Todai\u2010shiki Observational Rating Scale (TORS), and in terms of cognitive function using the Mini\u2010Mental State Examination (MMSE). We examined the internal consistency, inter\u2010 and intra\u2010rater reliability, content validity, and concurrent validity of the ASEA.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cronbach's alpha of the ASEA was 0.889. The overall inter\u2010rater reliability was 0.937 (Spearman rank correlation, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and the intraclass correlation (ICC) for each item was 0.490\u20130.965 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.018\u20130.001). The overall test\u2013retest reliability was 0.778 (Spearman's rank correlation, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and the ICC for each item was 0.498\u20130.863 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.023\u20130.001). The test\u2013retest correlations were significant for almost all items, aside from \u2018Interaction with others\u2019 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.051). The concurrent validity, examined using the TORS and MMSE, was 0.920 and 0.304 (Spearman's rank correlation, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001\u20130.006).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ASEA has confirmed reliability and validity, aside from \u2018Interaction with others\u2019 regarding test\u2013retest reliability. Generally, this assessment tool has clinical utility and allows the evaluation of activity engagement among patients with moderate to severe dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,2]],"date-time":"2021-03-02T01:06:27Z","timestamp":1614647187000},"page":"368-377","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Development of an assessment scale for engagement in activities for patients with moderate to severe dementia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"21","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6570-2108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroyuki","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation  Osaka 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Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9213-8220","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daiki","family":"Ishimaru","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osaka Prefecture University Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation  Osaka Japan"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine  Osaka Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koji","family":"Yoshimitsu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University  Kagoshima Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Tabira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University  Kagoshima 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