{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T15:49:30Z","timestamp":1774280970382,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1660262400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychogeriatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The most important disadvantage of surgical mask usage is that it can aversely affect communication. This study aimed to evaluate the possible effects of face masks on the cognitive test performance of older adults.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 198 geriatric patients were enrolled after applying the exclusion criteria. Within the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA), cognitive status assessment was performed with the Mini\u2010Mental State Examination test (MMSE) and Quick Mild Cognitive Impairment Screening test (Q\u2010MCI) tests.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The median age was 70 (66\u201377) years, and there were 119 female (60.7%) patients. Patients were divided into normal cognitive status (NC), mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) groups. There were 129 (65.2%), 30 (15.2%), and 37 (18.7%) patients in each group, respectively. For differentiating MCI from NC, calculated optimal cut\u2010offs for the Q\u2010MCI and MMSE total scores were\u2009\u226450 (sensitivity 83.3%, specificity 90.7%) and\u2009\u226426 (sensitivity 63.3%, specificity 87.5%), respectively. For differentiating AD from MCI, calculated optimal cut\u2010offs for the Q\u2010MCI and MMSE total scores were\u2009\u226428 (sensitivity 76.8%, specificity 86.7%), and\u2009\u226424 (sensitivity 94.4%, specificity 64.5%), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results revealed that screening tests are still sensitive in discriminating cognitive disorders although cut\u2010offs are lower with mask usage than for previously validated cut\u2010offs. This is the first study revealing the impact of surgical mask usage on cognitive test performance, indicating that cut\u2010offs validated before the pandemic may cause overdiagnosing of cognitive disorders since the previous cut\u2010offs are not validated for mask usage. Large sample studies are needed to determine new cut\u2010offs validated with mask usage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.12883","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]],"date-time":"2022-08-12T10:57:52Z","timestamp":1660301872000},"page":"786-794","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Cognitive assessment in the time of pandemics: mandatory surgical face mask usage affects cognitive test performance of older adults"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1518-5939","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arzu","family":"Okyar Ba\u015f","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Merve","family":"G\u00fcner Oytun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Serdar","family":"Ceylan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yelda","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zeynep","family":"Kahyao\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c7a\u011fatay","family":"\u00c7avu\u015fo\u011flu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cafer","family":"Balc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meltem G\u00fclhan","family":"Halil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Cankurtaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Burcu Balam","family":"Do\u011fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Geriatrics Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine  Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2020.104570"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1101-19.2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3766\/jaaa.18.10.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s41235-021-00353-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.34.7.939"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","unstructured":"Association AAP.American Psychiatric Association DSM\u20105 Task Force. 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