{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,2]],"date-time":"2026-06-02T00:08:32Z","timestamp":1780358912510,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689984000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP16\u201020dk0207025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP16\u201020dk0207025"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009619","name":"Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP21dk0207053"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP21dk0207053"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009619","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychogeriatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of patients with cognitive disorders is rapidly increasing in the world, becoming not only a medical problem, but also a social problem. There have been many reports that various factors are associated with cognitive dysfunction, but the factors have not yet been fully identified. This was a community\u2010based complete enumeration study which aimed to identify risk and protective factors for dementia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The first phase included all residents aged 65\u2009years or older in a town in Japan. They completed many examinations, such as living conditions questionnaires, physical examination, Mini\u2010Mental State Examination, and brain magnetic resonance imaging. The participants with suspected cognitive impairment underwent additional examinations for detailed evaluation in the second phase. Statistical analysis was performed to identify risk and protective factors for dementia after all participants were diagnosed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were 927 participants in the baseline evaluation; 611 (65.9%) were healthy, 165 (17.8%) had mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and 151 (16.3%) had dementia. The age\u2010standardised prevalence of dementia was 9.5%. Statistical analyses for amnestic MCI and Alzheimer's disease showed that risk factors for cognitive decline were diabetes mellitus, low activities of daily living, and living alone, and that protective factors were history of exercise and drinking habit.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The present findings suggest that several lifestyle\u2010related diseases and factors are associated with cognitive decline. These results support similar findings from previous studies and will be helpful for preventing dementia in the future.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.13012","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,22]],"date-time":"2023-07-22T10:10:22Z","timestamp":1690020622000},"page":"876-884","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Analysis of factors related to cognitive impairment in a community\u2010based, complete enumeration survey in Japan: the Nakayama study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"23","author":[{"given":"Taku","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry Zaidan Niihama Hospital  Niihama Japan"},{"name":"Department of Neuropsychiatry Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine  Toon 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