{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T01:57:02Z","timestamp":1781143022350,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]],"date-time":"2025-11-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762732800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761955200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Psychogeriatrics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Movement disorders, especially hyperkinetic movement disorders, can present in emergency services in an acute and\/or severe form and are aetiologically heterogeneous. Because limited data exist on the epidemiology and clinical presentation of hyperkinetic movement disorders in China, a retrospective study was performed to investigate the spectrum of various hyperkinetic movement disorder emergencies and their underlying causes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To reveal the spectrum of hyperkinetic movement disorder emergencies from a retrospective study and investigate their underlying causes to aid in their management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In total, 74 adults presenting with hyperkinetic movement disorders were recruited between January 2023 and September 2024, and data related to clinical information, cranial CT\/MRI scans, and blood tests and other necessary examinations were collected.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The frequency of hyperkinetic movement disorder emergencies accounted for 0.125% (74\/59\u2009354) of the total patients in the emergency room during this period. The most common type of hyperkinetic movement disorder emergency was myoclonus (44.6%), followed by tremors (37.8%), dystonia (16.2%) and chorea (1.4%). The time delay to medical consultation was divided into three phases: \u2264\u200924\u2009h (67.6%), 24\u2009h\u201328\u2009days (23.0%), and &gt;\u200928\u2009days (9.5%). In addition to the undetermined aetiological factors (31.1%), six aetiological groups were recognised: metabolic disease (16.2%), infection and inflammation (16.2%), psychogenesis (9.5%), drug\u2010induced disorders (9.5%), neurodegenerative diseases (9.5%), and stroke (8.1%). During the 2\u2010year follow\u2010up period, the morbidity rate in our study was 5.4% (4\/74).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides a landscape of adult patients presenting to neurology emergency services with hyperkinetic movement disorders in China.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/psyg.70110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T04:17:44Z","timestamp":1762834664000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hyperkinetic Movement Disorder Emergencies: A Retrospective Study From China"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Ruolian","family":"Dai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunlan","family":"Du","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wanlin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University  Shijiazhuang Hebei China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhongjiao","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunfang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ye","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinyi","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5741-0313","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hualong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6500-5863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine  Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13311-013-0240-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(09)70183-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","first-page":"293","volume-title":"Neurology in Clinical Practice","author":"Jankovic J.","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/practneurol-2019-002277"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-018-3601-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0789-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/aian.aian_295_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/WCO.0000000000000212"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","volume-title":"Current Clinical Neurology","author":"Frucht S. 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